Skip to main content

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Sleep Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease
  • 575 Accesses

Abstract

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), one of the most common sleep abnormalities, is associated with many motor and non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Its causes are multifactorial, and it is first necessary to identify and treat any possible factors causing EDS. Recent studies show that some non-pharmacologic (i.e., cognitive behavioral therapy, light therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation) and pharmacologic (i.e., modafinil, methylphenidate, caffeine, istradefylline, sodium oxybate, atomoxetine) treatments may be effective in treating EDS in PD. Further investigations are required to determine the safety and efficacy of potential therapies and to develop novel treatment approaches for EDS in PD.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 64.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. International Classification of Sleep Disorders III. American Academy of sleep medicine. Darien: IL; 2014.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Hobson DE, Lang AE, Martin WR, Razmy A, Rivest J, Fleming J. Excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden-onset sleep in Parkinson disease: a survey by the Canadian movement disorders group. JAMA. 2002;287(4):455–63. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.287.4.455.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Falup-Pecurariu C, Diaconu S. Sleep dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2017;133:719–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2017.05.033.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Loddo G, Calandra-Buonaura G, Sambati L, Giannini G, Cecere A, Cortelli P, et al. The treatment of sleep disorders in Parkinson’s disease: from research to clinical practice. Front Neurol. 2017;8:42. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00042.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Stavitsky K, Saurman JL, McNamara P, Cronin-Golomb A. Sleep in Parkinson’s disease: a comparison of actigraphy and subjective measures. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2010;16(4):280–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2010.02.001.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Chahine LM, Amara AW, Videnovic A. A systematic review of the literature on disorders of sleep and wakefulness in Parkinson’s disease from 2005 to 2015. Sleep Med Rev. 2017;35:33–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2016.08.001.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Ghorayeb I, Loundou A, Auquier P, Dauvilliers Y, Bioulac B, Tison F. A nationwide survey of excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s disease in France. Mov Disord. 2007;22(11):1567–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.21541.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Montastruc JL, Brefel-Courbon C, Senard JM, Bagheri H, Ferreira J, Rascol O, et al. Sleep attacks and antiparkinsonian drugs: a pilot prospective pharmacoepidemiologic study. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2001;24(3):181–3. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002826-200105000-00013.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Bliwise DL, Trotti LM, Juncos JJ, Factor SA, Freeman A, Rye DB. Daytime REM sleep in Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2013;19(1):101–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2012.08.003.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Sobreira-Neto MA, Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira EST, Chagas MHN, Fernandes RMF, Tumas V, et al. High frequency of sleep disorders in Parkinson’s disease and its relationship with quality of life. Eur Neurol. 2017;78(5–6):330–7. https://doi.org/10.1159/000481939.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Gjerstad MD, Alves G, Wentzel-Larsen T, Aarsland D, Larsen JP. Excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson disease: is it the drugs or the disease? Neurology. 2006;67(5):853–8. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000233980.25978.9d.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Zhu K, van Hilten JJ, Marinus J. Course and risk factors for excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2016;24:34–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.01.020.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Tholfsen LK, Larsen JP, Schulz J, Tysnes OB, Gjerstad MD. Development of excessive daytime sleepiness in early Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2015;85(2):162–8. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000001737.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Amara AW, Chahine LM, Caspell-Garcia C, Long JD, Coffey C, Hogl B, et al. Longitudinal assessment of excessive daytime sleepiness in early Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017;88(8):653–62. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2016-315023.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Wen MC, Chan LL, Tan LCS, Tan EK. Mood and neural correlates of excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s disease. Acta Neurol Scand. 2017;136(2):84–96. https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.12704.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Abbott RD, Ross GW, White LR, Tanner CM, Masaki KH, Nelson JS, et al. Excessive daytime sleepiness and subsequent development of Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2005;65(9):1442–6. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000183056.89590.0d.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Arnulf I, Neutel D, Herlin B, Golmard JL, Leu-Semenescu S, Cochen de Cock V, et al. Sleepiness in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder and Parkinson Disease. Sleep. 2015;38(10):1529–35. https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.5040.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Zhou J, Zhang J, Lam SP, Chan JW, Mok V, Chan A, et al. Excessive daytime sleepiness predicts neurodegeneration in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep. 2017;40(5):zsx041. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsx041.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Postuma RB, Gagnon JF, Pelletier A, Montplaisir JY. Insomnia and somnolence in idiopathic RBD: a prospective cohort study. NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 2017;3:9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-017-0011-7.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Jaussent I, Bouyer J, Ancelin ML, Berr C, Foubert-Samier A, Ritchie K, et al. Excessive sleepiness is predictive of cognitive decline in the elderly. Sleep. 2012;35(9):1201–7. https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.2070.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Sulzer D, Surmeier DJ. Neuronal vulnerability, pathogenesis, and Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord. 2013;28(6):715–24. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.25187.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Parkinson SG. Pramipexole vs levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. Parkinson Study Group JAMA. 2000;284(15):1931–8. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.15.1931.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Tanner CM. Dopamine agonists in early therapy for Parkinson disease: promise and problems. JAMA. 2000;284(15):1971–3. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.15.1971.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Comella CL. Daytime sleepiness, agonist therapy, and driving in Parkinson disease. JAMA. 2002;287(4):509–11. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.287.4.509.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Ondo WG, Dat Vuong K, Khan H, Atassi F, Kwak C, Jankovic J. Daytime sleepiness and other sleep disorders in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology. 2001;57(8):1392–6. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.57.8.1392.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Avorn J, Schneeweiss S, Sudarsky LR, Benner J, Kiyota Y, Levin R, et al. Sudden uncontrollable somnolence and medication use in Parkinson disease. Arch Neurol. 2005;62(8):1242–8. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.62.8.1242.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. O’Suilleabhain PE, Dewey RB Jr. Contributions of dopaminergic drugs and disease severity to daytime sleepiness in Parkinson disease. Arch Neurol. 2002;59(6):986–9. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.59.6.986.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Paus S, Brecht HM, Koster J, Seeger G, Klockgether T, Wullner U. Sleep attacks, daytime sleepiness, and dopamine agonists in Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord. 2003;18(6):659–67. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.10417.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Arnulf I, Konofal E, Merino-Andreu M, Houeto JL, Mesnage V, Welter ML, et al. Parkinson’s disease and sleepiness: an integral part of PD. Neurology. 2002;58(7):1019–24. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.58.7.1019.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Hauser RA, Gauger L, Anderson WM, Zesiewicz TA. Pramipexole-induced somnolence and episodes of daytime sleep. Mov Disord. 2000;15(4):658–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/1531-8257(200007)15:4%3C658::AID-MDS1009%3E3.0.CO;2-N.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Frucht S, Rogers JD, Greene PE, Gordon MF, Fahn S. Falling asleep at the wheel: motor vehicle mishaps in persons taking pramipexole and ropinirole. Neurology. 1999;52(9):1908–10. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.52.9.1908.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Shpirer I, Miniovitz A, Klein C, Goldstein R, Prokhorov T, Theitler J, et al. Excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a polysomnography study. Mov Disord. 2006;21(9):1432–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.21002.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Bhat S, Chokroverty S. Hypersomnia in neurodegenerative diseases. Sleep Med Clin. 2017;12(3):443–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2017.03.017.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Lees AJ, Blackburn NA, Campbell VL. The nighttime problems of Parkinson’s disease. Clin Neuropharmacol. 1988;11(6):512–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Ferreira JJ, Desboeuf K, Galitzky M, Thalamas C, Brefel-Courbon C, Fabre N, et al. Sleep disruption, daytime somnolence and ‘sleep attacks’ in Parkinson’s disease: a clinical survey in PD patients and age-matched healthy volunteers. Eur J Neurol. 2006;13(3):209–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01262.x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Simuni T, Caspell-Garcia C, Coffey C, Chahine LM, Lasch S, Oertel WH, et al. Correlates of excessive daytime sleepiness in de novo Parkinson’s disease: a case control study. Mov Disord. 2015;30(10):1371–81. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.26248.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  37. Rolinski M, Szewczyk-Krolikowski K, Tomlinson PR, Nithi K, Talbot K, Ben-Shlomo Y, et al. REM sleep behaviour disorder is associated with worse quality of life and other non-motor features in early Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2014;85(5):560–6. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2013-306104.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Moreno-Lopez C, Santamaria J, Salamero M, Del Sorbo F, Albanese A, Pellecchia MT, et al. Excessive daytime sleepiness in multiple system atrophy (SLEEMSA study). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(2):223–30. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2010.359.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Yeh NC, Tien KJ, Yang CM, Wang JJ, Weng SF. Increased risk of Parkinson’s disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a population-based, propensity score-matched, longitudinal follow-up study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(2):e2293. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000002293.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Cochen De Cock V, Abouda M, Leu S, Oudiette D, Roze E, Vidailhet M, et al. Is obstructive sleep apnea a problem in Parkinson’s disease? Sleep Med. 2010;11(3):247–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2009.05.008.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Waters F, Faulkner D, Naik N, Rock D. Effects of polypharmacy on sleep in psychiatric inpatients. Schizophr Res. 2012;139(1–3):225–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2012.05.013.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Thannickal TC, Lai YY, Siegel JM. Hypocretin (orexin) cell loss in Parkinson’s disease. Brain. 2007;130(Pt 6):1586–95. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awm097.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Videnovic A, Noble C, Reid KJ, Peng J, Turek FW, Marconi A, et al. Circadian melatonin rhythm and excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson disease. JAMA Neurol. 2014;71(4):463–9. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.6239.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  44. Valko PO, Waldvogel D, Weller M, Bassetti CL, Held U, Baumann CR. Fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease differently correlate with motor symptoms, depression and dopaminergic treatment. Eur J Neurol. 2010;17(12):1428–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03063.x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Monderer R, Ahmed IM, Thorpy M. Evaluation of the sleepy patient: differential diagnosis. Sleep Med Clin. 2017;12(3):301–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2017.03.006.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Murray BJ. Subjective and objective assessment of Hypersomnolence. Sleep Med Clin. 2017;12(3):313–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2017.03.007.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Cochen De Cock V, Bayard S, Jaussent I, Charif M, Grini M, Langenier MC, et al. Daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s disease: a reappraisal. PLoS One. 2014;9(9):e107278. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0107278.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  48. Takenoshita S, Nishino S. Pharmacologic management of excessive daytime sleepiness. Sleep Med Clin. 2017;12(3):461–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2017.03.019.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Fox SH, Katzenschlager R, Lim SY, Ravina B, Seppi K, Coelho M, et al. The Movement Disorder Society evidence-based medicine review update: treatments for the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord. 2011;26(Suppl 3):S2–41. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.23829.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Ferreira JJ, Katzenschlager R, Bloem BR, Bonuccelli U, Burn D, Deuschl G, et al. Summary of the recommendations of the EFNS/MDS-ES review on therapeutic management of Parkinson’s disease. Eur J Neurol. 2013;20(1):5–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2012.03866.x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Diederich NJ, McIntyre DJ. Sleep disorders in Parkinson’s disease: many causes, few therapeutic options. J Neurol Sci. 2012;314(1–2):12–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2011.10.025.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Stevens S, Cormella CL, Stepanski EJ. Daytime sleepiness and alertness in patients with Parkinson disease. Sleep. 2004;27(5):967–72. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/27.5.967.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Razmy A, Lang AE, Shapiro CM. Predictors of impaired daytime sleep and wakefulness in patients with Parkinson disease treated with older (ergot) vs newer (nonergot) dopamine agonists. Arch Neurol. 2004;61(1):97–102. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.61.1.97.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Amara AW, Chahine LM, Videnovic A. Treatment of sleep dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2017;19(7):26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11940-017-0461-6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  55. Neikrug AB, Liu L, Avanzino JA, Maglione JE, Natarajan L, Bradley L, et al. Continuous positive airway pressure improves sleep and daytime sleepiness in patients with Parkinson disease and sleep apnea. Sleep. 2014;37(1):177–85. https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.3332.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  56. Rios Romenets S, Creti L, Fichten C, Bailes S, Libman E, Pelletier A, et al. Doxepin and cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia in patients with Parkinson’s disease—a randomized study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2013;19(7):670–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.03.003.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Leroi I, Baker P, Kehoe P, Daniel E, Byrne EJ. A pilot randomized controlled trial of sleep therapy in Parkinson’s disease: effect on patients and caregivers. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2010;25(10):1073–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.2472.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Videnovic A, Klerman EB, Wang W, Marconi A, Kuhta T, Zee PC. Timed light therapy for sleep and daytime sleepiness associated with Parkinson disease: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Neurol. 2017;74(4):411–8. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.5192.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  59. Li Z, Tian T. Light therapy promoting dopamine release by stimulating retina in Parkinson Disease. JAMA Neurol. 2017;74(10):1267–8. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.1906.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Medeiros LF, de Souza IC, Vidor LP, de Souza A, Deitos A, Volz MS, et al. Neurobiological effects of transcranial direct current stimulation: a review. Front Psych. 2012;3:110. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2012.00110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Civardi C, Collini A, Monaco F, Cantello R. Applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation in sleep medicine. Sleep Med Rev. 2009;13(1):35–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2008.04.001.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Nardone R, Holler Y, Brigo F, Tezzon F, Golaszewski S, Trinka E. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and sleep disorders: pathophysiologic insights. Sleep Med. 2013;14(11):1047–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2013.04.025.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Goodwill AM, Lum JAG, Hendy AM, Muthalib M, Johnson L, Albein-Urios N, et al. Using non-invasive transcranial stimulation to improve motor and cognitive function in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):14840. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13260-z.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  64. Lai JB, Han MM, Xu Y, Hu SH. Effective treatment of narcolepsy-like symptoms with high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017;96(46):e8645. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000008645.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions. Parkinson’s disease: National clinical guideline for diagnosis and management in primary and secondary care. London: Royal College of Physicians; 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Zesiewicz TA, Sullivan KL, Arnulf I, Chaudhuri KR, Morgan JC, Gronseth GS, et al. Practice parameter: treatment of nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson disease: report of the quality standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2010;74(11):924–31. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181d55f24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Seppi K, Weintraub D, Coelho M, Perez-Lloret S, Fox SH, Katzenschlager R, et al. The Movement Disorder Society evidence-based medicine review update: treatments for the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord. 2011;26(Suppl 3):S42–80. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.23884.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  68. Rodrigues TM, Castro Caldas A, Ferreira JJ. Pharmacological interventions for daytime sleepiness and sleep disorders in Parkinson’s disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2016;27:25–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.03.002.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Hogl B, Saletu M, Brandauer E, Glatzl S, Frauscher B, Seppi K, et al. Modafinil for the treatment of daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s disease: a double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled polygraphic trial. Sleep. 2002;25(8):905–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Ondo WG, Fayle R, Atassi F, Jankovic J. Modafinil for daytime somnolence in Parkinson’s disease: double blind, placebo controlled parallel trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005;76(12):1636–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2005.065870.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  71. Roth T, Schwartz JR, Hirshkowitz M, Erman MK, Dayno JM, Arora S. Evaluation of the safety of modafinil for treatment of excessive sleepiness. J Clin Sleep Med. 2007;3(6):595–602.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. Dolder CR, Davis LN, McKinsey J. Use of psychostimulants in patients with dementia. Ann Pharmacother. 2010;44(10):1624–32. https://doi.org/10.1345/aph.1P341.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Devos D, Krystkowiak P, Clement F, Dujardin K, Cottencin O, Waucquier N, et al. Improvement of gait by chronic, high doses of methylphenidate in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007;78(5):470–5. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2006.100016.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Leonard BE, McCartan D, White J, King DJ. Methylphenidate: a review of its neuropharmacological, neuropsychological and adverse clinical effects. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2004;19(3):151–80. https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.579.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Noyce AJ, Bestwick JP, Silveira-Moriyama L, Hawkes CH, Giovannoni G, Lees AJ, et al. Meta-analysis of early nonmotor features and risk factors for Parkinson disease. Ann Neurol. 2012;72(6):893–901. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.23687.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  76. Postuma RB, Lang AE, Munhoz RP, Charland K, Pelletier A, Moscovich M, et al. Caffeine for treatment of Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. Neurology. 2012;79(7):651–8. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e318263570d.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  77. Postuma RB, Anang J, Pelletier A, Joseph L, Moscovich M, Grimes D, et al. Caffeine as symptomatic treatment for Parkinson disease (cafe-PD): a randomized trial. Neurology. 2017;89(17):1795–803. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000004568.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  78. Ondo WG, Perkins T, Swick T, Hull KL Jr, Jimenez JE, Garris TS, et al. Sodium oxybate for excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson disease: an open-label polysomnographic study. Arch Neurol. 2008;65(10):1337–40. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.65.10.1337.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Buchele F, Hackius M, Schreglmann SR, Omlor W, Werth E, Maric A, et al. Sodium oxybate for excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep disturbance in Parkinson disease: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Neurol. 2018;75(1):114–8. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.3171.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Wang YG, Swick TJ, Carter LP, Thorpy MJ, Benowitz NL. Safety overview of postmarketing and clinical experience of sodium oxybate (Xyrem): abuse, misuse, dependence, and diversion. J Clin Sleep Med. 2009;5(4):365–71.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Suzuki K, Miyamoto M, Miyamoto T, Uchiyama T, Watanabe Y, Suzuki S, et al. Istradefylline improves daytime sleepiness in patients with Parkinson’s disease: an open-label, 3-month study. J Neurol Sci. 2017;380:230–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2017.07.045.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chun-Feng Liu .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Shen, Y., Liu, CF. (2020). Excessive Daytime Sleepiness. In: Liu, CF. (eds) Sleep Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2481-3_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2481-3_8

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-15-2480-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-15-2481-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics