Abstract
What is new in a radar system, what advancement is going on, and what may be the road map for future radar system development, this is the question for which authors tried to find out the solution throughout this review. Radar transformation is described in two parts. Like every communication system, analog radar baseband is transformed into digital baseband which is adding the advantage of digital signal processing (DSP) of the transmitted and received signal which helps to improve target parameter characterization. Software-defined radio (SDR) is one of the powerful tools which are heavily used to develop digital radar baseband in recent days. In the second part, single antenna-based old radar system is transformed into multi-antenna-based modern radar which helping to improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the radar receiver. This front end antenna part is still more or less analog, but several multi-antennas techniques are adding different advantages to the total system. A good amount of signal reception using multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system is helping in target characterization in the digital baseband section in which advance signal processing is working. These days few other multi-antenna techniques like Array antenna, Phased MIMO antenna are becoming popular for improving SNR of the system. In this article all multi-antenna techniques are reviewed to find out the best one in favor of Radar.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Muralidhara, N., Rajesh, B.R.C., Biradar and Jayaramaiah, G.V.: Designing polyphase code for digital pulse compression for surveillance radar. In: 2nd International Conference on Computing and Communications Technologies (ICCCT), Chennai (2017)
Lewis, B.L., Kretschmer, F.F.: A new class of polyphase pulse compression codes and techniques. In: IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems AES-17, pp. 364–372. https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.1981.309063 (1981)
Costanzo, S., Spadafora, F., Borgia, A., Moreno, H.O., Costanzo, A., Di Massa, G.: High resolution software defined radar system for target detection. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. 2013, 7. Article ID 573217 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/573217
El-Din Ismail, N., Mahmoud, S.H., Hafez, A.S., Reda, T.: A new phased MIMO radar partitioning schemes. IEEE Aerospace Conference, Big Sky, MT (2014)
Patole, S.M., Torlak, M., Wang, D., Ali, M.: Automotive radars: a review of signal processing techniques. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 34(2), 22–35 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2016.2628914
Study Paper on Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Technology. Source http://tec.gov.in/pdf/Studypaper/Test%20Procedure%20EM%20Fields%20From%20BTS%20Antennae.pdf
Fishler, E., Haimovich, A., Blum, R., Cimini, L.J., Chizhik, D., Valenzuela, R.A.: Spatial diversity in radars: models and detection performance. IEEE Trans. Sign. Process. 54(3), 823–838 (2006)
Bekkerman, I., Tabrikian, J.: Target detection and localization using MIMO radars and sonars. IEEE Trans. Sign. Process. 54(10), 3873–3883 (2006)
Kpre, E.L., Decrozel, C., Fromenteze, T.: MIMO radar pseudo-orthogonal waveform generation by a passive 1 × M mode-mixing microwave cavity. Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. 9(7), 1357–1363 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1017/s175907871700023x
Fenn, A., Temme, D.H., Delaney, W.P., Courtney, W.: The development of phased-array radar technology (2000)
Butler, J., Lowe, R.: Beam-forming matrix simplifies design of electronically scanned antennas. Electron. Des. 9, 170–173 (1961)
Satyanarayana, S.: Multi-function phased array radar. Source https://www.slideshare.net/mistral_solutions/multifunction-phased-array-radar
Vera-Dimas, J.G., Tecpoyotl-Torres, M., Vargas-Chable, P., Damián-Morales, J.A., Escobedo-Alatorre, J., Koshevaya, S.: Individual patch antenna and antenna patch array for wi-fi communication. Center for Research of Engineering and Applied Sciences (CIICAp), Autonomous University of Morelos State (UAEM), 62209, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México (2010)
Ghosh, C.K., Parui, S.K.: Design, analysis and optimization of a slotted microstrip patch antenna array at frequency 5.25 GHz for WLAN-SDMA system. Int J Electr Eng Inform 2(2), 106 (2010)
Hassanien, A., Vorobyov, S.A.: Why the phased-MIMO radar outperforms the phased-array and MIMO radars. In: 2010 18th European Signal Processing Conference, pp. 1234–1238. Aalborg (2010). Keywords (array signal processing; MIMO radar; phased array radar; radar signal processing; phased array; multiple input multiple output; signal to noise ratio; SNR analysis; phased MIMO radar beam pattern; processing gain; transmit beamforming; MIMO radar; Signal to noise ratio; Radar antennas; Arrays; MIMO; Array signal processing). http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=7096493&isnumber=7065143
Fuhrmann, D.R., Browning, J.P., Rangaswamy, M.: Signaling strategies for the hybrid MIMO phased-array radar. IEEE J. Select. Topics Sign. Process. 4(1), 66–78 (2010)
Monterey, California.: Distributed subarray antennas for multifunction phased-array radar. Master of Science in System Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School September 2003
Fu, H, Fang, H, Cao, Lu, S.M.: Study on the comparison between MIMO and phased array antenna. In: IEEE Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (EEESYM), Kuala Lumpur (2012)
Fuhrmann, D., Antonio, G.: Transmit beamforming for MIMO radar systems using signal cross-correlation. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 44, 171–186 (2008)
Stoica, P., Li, J., Xie, Y.: On probing signal design for MIMO radar. IEEE Trans. Sign. Process. 55, 4151–4161 (2007)
Haykin, S., Litva, J., Shepherd, T.J.: Radar Array Processing. Springer, New York (1993)
Van Trees, H.L.: Optimum Array Processing. Wiley-Interscience, New York (2002)
Hassanien, A., Vorobyov, S.A.: Transmit/receive beamforming for MIMO radar with colocated antennas. In: 2009 IEEE International Conference on Speech, Signal Processing (ICASSP’09), pp. 2089–2092. Taipei, Taiwan, Apr 2009
Ismail, N., Hanafy, Sherif & Alieldin, Ahmed & Hafez, Alaa. (2015). Design and analysis of a phased-MIMIO array antenna with frequency diversity, pp. 1745–1750
Mucci, R.: A comparison of efficient beamforming algorithms. IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Sign. Process. 32(3), 548 (1984)
A flexible phased-MIMO array antenna with transmit beamforming—scientific figure on research gate. Available from https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Illustration-of-the-flexible-phased-MIMO-antenna-array_fig3_258385610. Accessed 18 Jun 2019
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Shome, S., Bera, R., Maji, B., Bhoi, A.K., Mallick, P.K. (2020). Multi-antenna Techniques Utilized in Favor of Radar System: A Review. In: Mallick, P., Balas, V., Bhoi, A., Chae, GS. (eds) Cognitive Informatics and Soft Computing. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1040. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1451-7_40
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1451-7_40
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-1450-0
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-1451-7
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)