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Life Cycle Assessment of Chitosan

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Advances in Sustainable Polymers

Part of the book series: Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials ((MHFNN))

Abstract

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a standardized practice to assess the life cycle of a product for regulating the environmental impacts of a product life. LCA is a significant entity to maintain the quality and ecological integrity for determining the optimal product and processes in terms of their novel growths. The chapter aims to discuss the LCA of chitosan-based materials with strategies to control the impacts on environment. Chitosan is the second most abundantly available polysaccharides, which are widely used for its biodegradable, biocompatible, non-toxic, and antimicrobial nature and several other properties. The deacetylation of chitin yields chitosan, which can be tailored in different forms and geometry to achieve an extensive demand in the form of powders, films, tablets, particles, composites, etc. Further, the development of chitosan-based active materials having enormous properties can potentially replace the fossil-based materials for stringent food packaging applications, tissue engineering, drug delivery, therapeutics, adhesives, etc. The presence of functional groups such as primary amine and primary and secondary hydroxyl groups in chitosan provides an opportunity for regulating its properties in terms of formulating functional agents. In addition, chitosan can form cross-links and multi-networks through the presence of functional groups, pH, electro response, etc., which may be desired for developing materials with tuned properties. In this context, an understanding regarding the environmental impact of chitosan during its whole life cycle is needed. In this chapter, the discussion on LCA of chitosan and related approaches from available resources for tailor-made properties is made including various design parameters, environmental impacts, product formulation steps, use of different agents, and so on. Additionally, the chapter presents the importance of chitosan in day-to-day life along with its environmental impact for various applications such as food packaging films, edible coatings, flocculants, adhesives, and others.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India

    Tabli Ghosh & Vimal Katiyar

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India

    Vimal Katiyar

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India

    Amit Kumar

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India

    Neha Mulchandani

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Ghosh, T., Katiyar, V. (2020). Life Cycle Assessment of Chitosan. In: Katiyar, V., Kumar, A., Mulchandani, N. (eds) Advances in Sustainable Polymers. Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1251-3_16

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