Abstract
The impact of palm oil methyl ester drops of various sizes on a PMMA surface at normal temperature and pressure is reported. The entire process of impact of a desired drop, falling from a given height, on the surface, was recorded using a high-speed camera. Drops of three different sizes were tested for three impact heights (4, 8, and 12 cm). Various subprocesses were observed. Upon impact, the drop spreads, followed by negligible recoil and partial rebound. The results show that, for a drop of a given size, the maximum spreading diameter increases with the increase in the impact height, which raises the kinetic energy, causing the drop to spread. At the initial phase, the inertia force dominates over the viscous and surface tension force, until the drop reaches its maximum spreading diameter. As the drop spreads, a ring was observed to form around the periphery. Upon reaching the maximum spread, the inner edge of the rim starts to recoil toward the center whereas the outer edge remains almost stationary. This results in the increase in the thickness of the rim. The larger resistance between the substrate and drop, i.e., adhesion, dominate over the available forces required for recoiling. The lower value of the surface tension and viscous force cannot recoil the drop back. The resistance increases with increase in the Weber number, because the increase in the spread diameter raises the adhesion. Hence, the rebound height decreases with increase in the impact height for a given drop.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- β :
-
Spreading factor
- β max :
-
Maximum Spreading factor
- D 0 :
-
Initial drop diameter (mm)
- D max :
-
Maximum diameter (mm)
- H :
-
Impact height (cm)
- h*:
-
Dimensionless height
- We:
-
Weber number
- Re:
-
Reynold number
References
Pawlowski, L.: The science and engineering of thermal spray coating. Wiley, New York (1995)
Bechtel, S.E., Bogy, D.B., Talke, F.E.: Impact of liquid drop against a flat surface. IBM J. Res. Dev. 25, 963–971 (1981)
Orme, M., Smith, R.F.: Enhanced aluminum properties by means of precise droplet deposition. Manuf. Sci. Eng., 484–493 (2000)
Chandra, S., Avedisian, C.T.: On the collision of a drop with a solid surface. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., A 432, 13–41 (1991)
Pasandideh-Fard, M., Qiao, Y.M., Chandra, S., Mostaghimi, J.: Capillary effect during drop on a solid surface. Phys. Fluids 8, 650–659 (1996)
Grishaev, V., Iorio, S.C., Dubois, F., Amirfazli, A.: Complex drop impact morphology. Langmuir, 9833–9844 (2015)
Rein, M.: Phenomena of liquid drop impact on solid and liquid surface. Fluid Dyn. Res. 12, 61–93 (1993)
Moita, A.S., Moreira, A.L.: The dynamic behavior of single drop impacting onto a flat surface. J. Fluid Lubricants, 1477–1490 (2002)
Ukiwe, C.D., Kwok, Y.: “On the maximum spreading diameter of impacting droplets on well-prepared solid surface. Nanoscale Tech. Eng. Lab. 21, 666–673 (2005)
Sikalo, S., Marengo, M., Tropea, C., Ganic, E. N.: Analysis of impact of drop on horizontal surface. Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci., 503–510 (2001)
Stow, C.D., Hadfield, M.G.: An experimental investigation of fluid flow resulting from the impact of a water drop with an unyielding dry surface. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 373, 419–441 (1981)
Sen, S., Vaikuntanathan, V., Sivakumar, D.: Experimental investigation of biofuel drop impact on stainless steel surface. Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci., 38–46 (2014)
Otsu, N.: A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms. IEEE Trans. Sys. Man Cybernet. 9, 62–66 (1979)
Acknowledgements
The work is supported by the Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India, under the early career research initiation scheme (ECR/2016/000026).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kumar, V., Singh, R.K., Mandal, D.K. (2020). Impact of Palm Oil Methyl Ester Drops on a Surface. In: Biswal, B., Sarkar, B., Mahanta, P. (eds) Advances in Mechanical Engineering. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0124-1_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0124-1_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-0123-4
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-0124-1
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)