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Molecular Mechanisms of Phytochemical Actions in Cancer

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Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics

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Abstract

Extensive research has shown that a broad range of phytochemicals are important in chemoprevention and chemosensitization. Phytochemicals not only work on genetic pathways; they are responsible for modulating epigenetic control mechanisms like histone acetylation and methylation, DNA methylation, and miRNA posttranslational silencing. We start the chapter with a review of these epigenetic control mechanisms. Inflammation and oxidative stress are two most important causes of carcinogenesis, and we review the molecular mechanisms involved in these two processes, in particular the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. We then discuss the roles of phytochemicals in mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation. Chemoprevention is important for reducing the burden of cancer worldwide; we review the roles of phytochemicals in chemoprevention next. Finally we discuss how phytochemicals can sensitize cancer cells for enhancing the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India

    Madhumita Roy

  2. Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia

    Amitava Datta

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Roy, M., Datta, A. (2019). Molecular Mechanisms of Phytochemical Actions in Cancer. In: Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9471-3_5

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