Abstract
A large quantity of research found that Chinese college students are still week at critical thinking. The essay mainly wants to discuss the following questions from the perspective of critical theory: what is critical thinking? Why does critical thinking matter? Why is Chinese undergraduate students’ critical thinking weaker and how to improve their critical thinking in the classroom? Rather than cultural background, the essay argues that students’ previous study experience would influence their critical thinking. University faculty evaluation system and students’ evaluation system would make a difference as well. Given those Chinese existing situation, university faculty evaluation system and students’ evaluation system are strongly recommended to have a change. What’s more, problem-based teaching and dialogue teaching also would be effective.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Apple, M. W., & Au, W. (2009). Politics, theory, and reality in critical pedagogy. In R. Cowen, & A. M. Kazamias, (Eds.), International handbook of comparative education, Netherlands: Springer.
Arnove, R. F. (1980). Comparative education and world-systems analysis. Comparative Education Review, 24(1), 48–62.
Atkinson, D. (1997). A critical approach to critical thinking in TESOL. TESOL Quarterly, 31(1), 71–94.
Bie, D. R. (2009). Innovating university pedagogy for quality improvement in higher education. Tsinghua Journal of Education, 04(95), 101–151.
Chen, L. (2017). Understanding critical thinking in Chinese sociocultural contexts: A case study in a Chinese college. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 24, 140–151.
Clark, R., & Gieve, S. N. (2006). On the discursive construction of ‘the Chinese learner’. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 19(1), 54–73.
Dressel, P. L. (1955). Book reviews: General education: Explorations in evaluation. Scientific Monthly, 80.
Elder, L., & Paul, R. (1998). The role of socratic questioning in thinking, teaching, and learning. The Clearing House, 71(5), 297–301.
Ennis, R. H. (1984). Critical thinking and the curriculum. National Forum Phi Kappa Phi Journal, 65, 28–31.
Ennis, R. H. (1987). A taxonomy of critical thinking dispositions and abilities. In J. B. Baron & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), Teaching thinking skills: Theory and practice (pp. 9–26). New York, NY: W.H. Freeman and Company.
Freire, P. (1998). Pedagogy of freedom: Ethics, democracy, and civic courage. Rowman & Littlefield.
Freire, P. (2005). Pedagogy of the oppressed. In P. Freire (Ed.), Pedagogy of the oppressed. New York, NY: Continuum.
Gao, Y. & Zhang, R. (2006, July 12). The most serious problem in higher education is the decline of teaching quality. Xiao Kang. Retrieved from http://education.news.cn/2006–07/12/content_4821500.html.
Guo, F., & Shi, J. (2016). The relationship between classroom assessment and undergraduates’ learning within Chinese higher education system. Studies in Higher Education, 41(4), 642–663.
Hattie, J., & Timperley, H. (2007). The power of feedback. Review of Educational Research, 77(1), 81–112.
Held, D. (1980). Introduction to critical theory: Horkheimer to habermas. In D. Held (Ed.), Introduction to critical theory. Berkeley, California: University of Southern California Press.
Hooks, B. (2010). The teaching of trilogy: Teaching critical thinking. New York: Routledge.
In 2015 the university and college enrollment plan, a total of 7 million. (2015). Retrieved from http://gaokao.eol.cn/gkbm/bmxx/201503/t20150309_1235784.shtml.
Ip, W. Y., Lee, D. T., Lee, I. F., Chau, J. P., Wootton, Y. S., & Chang, A. M. (2000). Disposition towards critical thinking: a study of Chinese undergraduate nursing students. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 32(1), 84–90.
Jiabao W. (2010). The question of Qian is a painful sting to me. Retrieved from http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2010-05/05/c_1273985.htm.
Kim, H. K. (2003). Critical thinking, learning and confucius: A positive assessment. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 37(1), 71–87.
Li, B, B. and Xu, X. D. (2006). Analysis and reflections on the imbalance between teachers’ research and teaching abilities in university teachers’ evaluation. Researches in Higher Education of Engineering (02), 76–81, 123.
Li, Y. X. (2008). The condition of contemporary university students participated in the social investigation and thinking. Higher Education Forum, 01(14).
Lu, H. J., & Yan, Z. L. (2008).The comparisons of teachers' developments in US, Japan & China. Social Scientists, 134(06), 134–136.
Liu, Y., & Zhao, G. M. (2010). The investigation of university students’ critical thinking disposition—Taking a local comprehensive university as example. Research in Higher Education of Engineering., 01, 81–85.
Marx, K., & Engels, F. (2006). The ruling class and the ruling ideas. In M. G. Durham & D. Kellner (Eds.), Media and cultural studies: Key works. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
McBride, R. E., Xiang, P., Wittenburg, D., & Shen, J. (2002). An analysis of preservice teachers’ dispositions toward critical thinking: A cross-cultural perspective. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 30(2), 131–140.
Mckeachie, W. J. (1970). Research on college teaching: A review. College Instruction, 20.
McMillan, J. H. (1987). Enhancing college students’ critical thinking: A review of studies. Research in Higher Education, 26(1), 3–29.
Moore, T. (2013). Critical thinking: Seven definitions in search of a concept. Studies in Higher Education, 38(4), 506–522.
Ory, J. C., & Braskamp, L. A. (1988). Involvement and growth of students in three academic programs. Research in Higher Education, 28(2), 116–129.
Ozturk, C., Muslu, G. K., & Dicle, A. (2008). A comparison of problem-based and traditional education on nursing students’ critical thinking dispositions. Nurse Education Today, 28(5), 627–632.
Pascarella, E., & Terenzini, P. (1991). How college affects students: Findings and insights from twenty years of research. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Rowman & Littlefield.
Paul, R. & Elder, L. (2013). Critical thinking: Tools for taking charge of your professional and personal life. Pearson Education.
Pierson, H. D. (1996). Learner culture and learner autonomy in the Hong Kong chinese context. In R. Pemberton, E. S. L. Li, W. W. F. Or, & H. D. Pierson (Eds.), Taking control: Autonomy in language learning (pp. 49–58). Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.
Qi. Y. (2011). The investigation about the herd behavior of contemporary students. Work & Study abroad, 11(18).
Ren, P. (2010). The survey on the use of college teachers' teaching method. Southwest University.
Rimiene, V. (2002). Assessing and developing students’ critical thinking. Psychology Learning & Teaching, 2(1).
Scherr, A. (2005). Social subjectivity and mutual recognition as basic terms of a critical theory of education. In G. Fischman, P. McLaren, H. Sunker, & C. Lankshear (Eds.), Critical theories, radical pedagogies, and global conflicts. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Sternberg, R. J. (1985). Teaching critical thinking, part 1: Are we making critical mistakes? The Phi Delta Kappan, 67(3), 194–198.
Sui, Y, F. (2006). How to cultivate creative talents–Talking about the successful experience of America’s great universities. Chinese Higher Education Research, 06(12).
Terenzini, P. T., Springer, L., Pascarella, E. T., & Nora, A. (1995). Influences affecting the development of students’ critical thinking skills. Research in Higher Education, 36(1), 23–39.
The university enrollment expansion in 1999: The public education takes the place of elite education. (2009). Retrieved from http://news.sina.com.cn/c/sd/2009–09-10/144218622828.shtml.
Tian, J., & Low, G. D. (2011). Critical thinking and chinese university students: A review of the evidence. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 24(1), 61–76.
Tian, J., Sheng, Y. L., Yang, C. Q., & Xu, S. L. (2006). Stages of development and characteristics of faculty evaluation system in chinese higher education institutions. Tsinghua Journal of Education, (02), 58–61, 68.
Tiwari, A., Avery, A., & Lai, P. (2003). Critical thinking disposition of Hong Kong Chinese and Australian nursing students. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 44(3), 298–307.
Tsui, L. (2001). Faculty attitudes and the development of students’ critical thinking. The Journal of General Education, 50(1), 1–28.
Tsui, L. (2002). Fostering critical thinking through effective pedagogy: Evidence from four institutional case studies. The Journal of Higher Education, 73(6), 740–763.
Zhang, Y. (2014). The study of contemporary college students’ political participation in China. Zhejiang Sci-Tech University.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Zhang, Y. (2020). How to Improve Undergraduate Students’ Critical Thinking in the Classroom: From the Perspective of Critical Theory. In: Zhu, X., Li, J., Li, M., Liu, Q., Starkey, H. (eds) Education and Mobilities. Perspectives on Rethinking and Reforming Education. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9031-9_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9031-9_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-9030-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-9031-9
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)