Abstract
Dramatic escalations in fabrication and application of chemicals in the form of pesticides, explosives, dyes, drugs, antimicrobial agents, etc has had pervasive impacts on the microbial population, flora and fauna dwelling in the contaminating habitat, with creation of “mosaic pathways” or “mosaic organisms”, leading to evolution of species. It is well understood that gene transfer between microbes found in natural systems, assist them to tolerate and resist the effects of antimicrobials, e.g. in farms where cattle are sheltered and agricultural lands where various pesticides are used time and again. It has been suggested that at low concentrations some antibiotics serve as signaling molecules therefore few of the genes encoding antibiotic resistance were originally selected for metabolic functioning or for signal transductions in their host cells. Higher concentration of antibiotics discharged in specific habitats (e.g., clinics/hospitals) due to irresponsible human activity has the potential to shift these metabolic roles toward development of resistance to antibiotics/drugs. The chapter describes the occurrence of cross or co resistance to biocides and/ antibiotics exhibited under persistent and selective pressure highlights the significance of mobile genes and lateral genetic transfers from one to another microbe. Such phenomenon is now common in particular areas where agricides occur in recalcitrant/ lesser concentrated state in soil and water, and is transmitted directly to human or enter our bodies via food chain thereby facilitating the switch from cross to co-resistance.
Keywords
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Abraham WR, Nogales B, Golyshin PN, Pieper DH, Timmis KN (2002) Polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading microbial communities in soils and sediments. Curr Opin Microbiol 5:246–253
Araújo ASF, Monteiro RTR, Abarkeli RB (2003) Effect of glyphosate on the microbial activity of two Brazilian soils. Chemosphere 52:799–804
Barragán HB, Costa C, Peralta J, Barrera J, Esparza F, Rodríguez R (2007) Biodegradation of organochlorine pesticides by bacteria grown in microniches of the porous structure of green bean coffee. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 59:239–244
Briggs, SA (1992) Basic guide to pesticides: their characteristics and hazards. Taylor & Francis, Washington, DC
Chauhan A, Pandey G, Sharma NK, Paul D, Pandey J, Jain RK (2010) P-Nitrophenol degradation via 4-nitrocatechol in Burkholderia sp. SJ98 and cloning of some of the lower pathway genes. Environ Sci Technol 44:3435–3441
Clapperton J, Regen M (2012) Pesticide Effects on Soil Biology in No-till on the Plains, Leading Edge, Volume 8, Number 1 www.notill.org
Dinamarca MA, Cereceda BF, Fadic X, Seeger M (2007) Analysis of s-triazine-degrading microbial communities in soil using more probable number enumeration and tetrazolium-salt detection. Int Microbiol 10:209–215
Fisher JF, Shahriar M (2010) Enzymology of bacterial resistance. In: Comprehensive natural products II. Volume 8: enzymes and enzyme mechanisms. Elsevier, Boston, pp 443–201
Ha J, Engler CR, Wild J (2009) Biodegradation of coumaphos, chlorferon, and diethylthiophosphate using bacteria immobilized in Ca-alginate gel beads. Bioresour Technol 100:1138–1142
Horne I, Rebecca L, Harcourt TD, Sutherland RRJ, Oakeshott JG (2002) Isolation of a Pseudomonas monteilli strain with a novel phosphotriesterase. FEMS Microbiol Letters 206:51–55
Kemboi WW, Raphael W, Ramesh F (2014) Horizontal gene transfer of drug resistance genes between Salmonella and Escherichia coli. Int J Bioassays 3(06):3066–3072
Kikuchi Y, Hayatsu M, Hosokawa T, Nagayama A, Tago K, Fukatsu T (2012) Symbiont-mediated insecticide resistance. PNAS 109(22):8618–8622
Kremer RJ, Means NE, Kim S (2005) Glyphosate affects soybean root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms. J Environ Analyt Chem 85(15):1165–1174
Lakshmi CV, Kumar M, Khanna S (2008) Biotransformation of chlorpyrifos and bioremediation of contaminated soil. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 62:204–209
Lal R, Dogra C, Malhotra S, Sharma P, Pal R (2005) Diversity, distribution and divergence of lin genes in hexachlorocyclohexane-degrading sphingomonads. Trends Biotechnol 24:121–130
Lal R, Pandey G, Sharma P, Kumari K, Malhotra S, Pandey R, Raina V et al (2010) Biochemistry of microbial degradation of hexachlorocyclohexane and prospects for bioremediation. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 74(1):58–80
Latifi AM, Khodi S, Mirzaei M, Miresmaeili M, Babavalian H (2012) Isolation and characterization of five chlorpyrifos degrading bacteria. Afr J Biotechnol 11:3140–3146. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB11.2814
Lo CC (2010) Effect of pesticides on soil microbial community. J Environ Sci Health B 45:348–359
Mansee AH, Chen W, Mulchandani A (2005) Detoxification of the organophosphate nerve agent coumaphos using organophosphorus hydrolase immobilized on cellulose materials. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 32:554–560
Martín M, Mengs G, Plaza E, Garbi C, Sánchez M, Gibello A, Gutiérrez F, Ferrer E (2000) Propachlor removal by Pseudomonas strain GCH1 in a immobilized-cell system. Appl Environ Microbiol 66(3):1190–1194
Martínez JL (2009) The role of natural environments in the evolution of resistance traits in pathogenic bacteria. Proc R Soc B 276:2521–2530
Moritz EM, Hergenrother PJ (2007) Toxin-antitoxin systems are ubiquitous and plasmid encoded in vancomycin-resistant enterococci. PNAS 104:311–316
Mrak E (1969) Pesticides and their relationship to environmental health. U.S. Department of HEW, Washington, DC
Naphade SR, Durve AA, Bhot M, Varghese J, Chandra N (2012) Isolation, characterization and identification of pesticide tolerating bacteria from garden soil. Euro J Exp Bio 2(5):1943–1951
Paul D, Pandey G, Jain RK (2005a) Suicidal genetically engineered microorganisms for bioremediation: need and prospective. BioEssays 27:563–573
Paul D, Pandey G, Pandey J, Jain RK (2005b) Accessing microbial diversity for bioremediation and environmental restoration. Trends Biotechnol 23:135–142
Paul D, Singh R, Jain RK (2006) Chemotaxis of Ralstonia sp. SJ98 towards p-nitrophenol in soil. Environ Microbiol 8:1797–1804
Perichon B, Bogaerts LT, Frangeul L, Courvalin P, Galimand M (2008) Sequence of conjugative plasmid pIP1206 mediating resistance to aminoglycosides by 16S rRNA methylation and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by efflux. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 52:2581–2592
Santacruz G, Bandala E, Torres LG (2005) Chlorinated pesticidas (2,4 –D and DDT) biodegradation at high concentrations using immobilized Pseudomonas fluorescens. J Environ Sc Heal 40(4):571–583
Seffernick JL, Wackett LP (2001) Rapid evolution of bacterial catabolic enzymes: a case study with atrazine chlorohydrolase. Biochemistry 40:12747–12753
Shapir N, Mongodin EF, Sadowsky MJ, Daugherty SC, Nelson KE, Wackett LP (2007) Evolution of catabolic pathways: genomic insights into microbial s-Triazine metabolism. J Bacteriol 189:674–682
Sletvold H, Johnsen PJ, Hamre I, Simonsen GS, Sundsfjord A, Nielsen KM (2008) Complete sequence of Enterococcus faecium pVEF3 and the detection of an omega epsilon zeta toxin-antitoxin module and an ABC transporter. Plasmid 60:75–85
Todar K (2008) Textbook of bacteriology, 4th edn. University of Wisconsin press, Wisconsin
Top EM, Springael D (2005) The role of mobile genetic elements in bacterial adaptation to xenobiotic organic compounds. Curr Opin Biotechnol 14:262–269
Yañez OG, Penninckx M, Jiménez TGA, Sánchez SE, Ortiz HML (2009) Removal of two organophosphate pesticides employing a bacteria consortium immobilized in either alginate or tezontle. J Hazard Mater 168:1554–1561
Yoon C, Indiragandhi P, Anandham R, Cho S, Sa TM, Kim G (2010) Bacterial diversity and distribution from the whole mite extracts in Acaricide resistant and susceptible populations of two spotted spider mite-Tetranychusurticae. J Korean Soc Appl Biol Chem 53:446–457
Zhang S, Sun W, Xu L, Zheng X, Chu X, Tian J, Wu N, Fan Y (2012) Identification of the para-nitrophenol catabolic pathway, and characterization of three enzymes involved in the hydroquinone pathway, in Peudomonas sp. 1-7. BMC Microbiol 12:27. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-12-27
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Paul, D., Mandal, S.M. (2019). Microbial Adaptation and Resistance to Pesticides. In: Mandal, S., Paul, D. (eds) Bacterial Adaptation to Co-resistance. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8503-2_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8503-2_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-8502-5
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-8503-2
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)