Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Modification by Ethanol and Taurine, Singly and in Combination, of Changes in Indices of Renal Dysfunction Caused by Diabetes in Rats

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Book cover Taurine 11

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1155))

  • 2279 Accesses

Abstract

The present study was carried out in diabetic rats to examine the effects of ethanol (EtOH) and taurine (TAU), singly and in combination, in reducing the changes of laboratory test values indicating renal dysfunction. For this purpose, male Sprague-Dawley rats, 250–280 g in weight and in groups of 6, were made diabetic with a single, 60 mg/kg intraperitoneal dose of streptozotocin in 10 mM citrate buffer pH 4.5. On day 15 and for the remaining 14 days of the study, the diabetic rats (a) started to drink 5% EtOH in place of water, (b) received a single daily 2.4 mM/kg oral dose of TAU or (c) were allowed to drink 5% EtOH after receiving a dose of TAU. Starting from day 28 and ending on day 29, a 24 h urine sample was collected, its volume was measured, and then used to measure glucose (GLC), total protein (TP) and electrolytes (Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++). Blood samples collected immediately thereafter via cardiac puncture were processed for the plasma fractions which were analyzed for their creatinine (CRT) and urea nitrogen (UN) contents. In comparison to normal (control) rats, diabetic ones showed a higher output of urine (+5.6-fold), a massive increase in plasma GLC (+473%), passed more GLC (+73.8-fold) and TP (+8.2-fold) in the urine, showed higher plasma CRT (+241%) and UN (+74%) levels, a lower plasma UN/CRT ratio (−47%) and a greater output of electrolytes in the urine (by at least twofold). By themselves both EtOH and TAU were found to markedly lower the effects of diabetes, with EtOH generally appearing more effective than TAU. However, the concurrent availability of EtOH and TAU was found to be more protective than either treatment alone.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 329.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 419.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 449.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

Ca++:

Calcium

CRT:

Creatinine

EtOH:

Ethanol

GLC:

Glucose

K+:

Potassium

Mg++:

Magnesium

Na+:

Sodium

UN:

Urea nitrogen

STZ:

Streptozotocin

TAU:

Taurine

TP:

Total protein

References

  • Alicic RZ, Rooney MT, Tuttle KR (2017) Diabetic kidney disease: challenges, progress, and possibilities. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 12:2032–2045

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arakawa K, Ishihara T, Oku A, Nawano M, Ueta K, Kitamura K, Matsumoto M, Saito A (2001) Improved diabetic syndrome in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice by oral administration of the Na+-glucose cotransporter inhibitor T-1095. Brit J Pharmacol 132:578–586

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Araki S, Haneda M, Koya D, Kondo K, Tanaka S, Arima H, Kume S, Nakazawa J, Chin-Kanasaki M et al (2015) Urinary potassium excretion and renal and cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes and normal renal function. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 10:2152–2158

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arikawe AP, Udenze IC, Akinwolere MF, Ogunsola AO, Oghogholosu RT (2012) Effects of streptozotocin, fructose and sucrose-induced insulin resistance on plasma and urinary electrolytes in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Nig Q J Hosp Med 22:224–230

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Budhram R, Pandya KG, Lau-Cam CA (2013) Protection by taurine and thiotaurine against biochemical and cellular alterations induced by diabetes in a rat model. Adv Exp Med Biol 775:321–343

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheungpasitporn W, Thongprayoon C, Kittanamongkolchai W, Brabec BA, O’Corragain OA, Edmonds PJ, Erickson SB (2015) High alcohol consumption and the risk of renal damage: a systematic review and meta-analysis. QJM 108:539–548

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chow F, Ozols E, Nikolic-Paterson DJ, Atkinas RC, Tesch GH (2004) Macrophages in mouse type 2 diabetic nephropathy: correlation with diabetic state and progressive renal injury. Kidney Int 65:116–128

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chung FM, Yang YH, Shieh TY, Shin SJ, Tsai JC, Lee YJ (2005) Effect of alcohol consumption on estimated glomerular filtration rate and creatinine clearance rate. Nephrol Dial Transplant 20:1610–1616

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Das J, Sil PC (2012) Taurine ameliorates alloxan-induced diabetic renal injury, oxidative stress-related signaling pathways and apoptosis in rats. Amino Acids 43:1509–1523

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Furuya DT, Binsack R, Machado UF (2003) Low ethanol consumption increases insulin sensitivity in Wistar rats. Braz J Med Biol Res 36:125–130

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ha H, Yu MR, Kim KH (1999) Melatonin and taurine reduce early glomerulopathy in diabetic rats. Free Radic Biol Med 26:944–950

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • He L, Marecki JC, Serrero G, Simmen FA, Ronis MJ, Badger TM (2007) Dose-dependent effects of alcohol on insulin signaling: partial explanation for biphasic alcohol impact on human health. Mol Endocrinol 21:2541–2550

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hosten AO (1990) BUN and creatinine. In: Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW (eds) Clinical methods: the history, physical, and laboratory examinations, 3rd edn. Butterworths, Boston, pp 874–878

    Google Scholar 

  • Hsu Y-H, Pai H-C, Chang Y-M, Liu W-H, Hsu C-C (2013) Alcohol consumption is inversely associated with stage 3 chronic kidney disease in middle-aged Taiwanese men. BMC Nephrol 14:254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koh JH, Lee ES, Hyun M, Kim HM, Choi YJ, Lee EY, Yada D, Chung CH (2014) Taurine alleviates the progression of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic rat model. Int J Endocrinol 2014:397307

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koppes LL, Dekker JM, Hendriks HF, Bouter LM, Heine RJ (2005) Moderate alcohol consumption lowers the risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Diabetes Care 28:719–725

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Latchoumycandane C, Nagy LE, McIntyre TM (2014) Chronic ethanol ingestion induces oxidative kidney injury through taurine-inhibitable inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 69:403–416

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lin S, Yang J, Wu G, Liu M, Luan X, Ly Q, Zhao H, Hu J (2010) Preventive effect of taurine on experimental type II diabetic nephropathy. J Biomed Sci 17(Suppl 1):S46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma Z, Gao Y, Ma H, Zheng L, Dai B, Miao J, Zhang Y (2016) Effects of taurine and housing density on renal function in laying hens. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 17:952–964

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manoeuvrier G, Bach-Ngohou K, Batard E, Masson D, Trewick D (2017) Diagnostic performance of serum blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio for distinguishing prerenal from intrinsic acute kidney injury in the emergency department. BMC Nephrol 18:173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCarthy ET, Zhou J, Eckert R, Genochio D, Sharma R, Oni O, De A, Srivastava T, Sharma R, Savin VJ, Sharma M (2015) Ethanol at low concentrations protects glomerular podocytes through alcohol dehydrogenase and 20-HETE. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 0:88–98

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pandya KG, Buhdram R, Clark CJ, Lau-Cam CA (2015) Taurine can enhance he protective acions of metformin against diabetes-induced alterations adversely affecting renal function. Adv Exp Med Biol 803:227–250

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds K, Gu D, Chen J, Tang X, Yau CL, Yu L, Chen C-S, Wu X, Hamm LL, He J (2008) Alcohol consumption and the risk of end-stage renal disease among Chinese men. Kidney Int 73:870–876

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Savdie E, Grosslight GM, Adena MA (1984) Relation of alcohol and cigarette consumption to blood pressure and serum creatinine levels. J Chronic Dis 37:617–623

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schaeffner E, Ritz E (2012) Alcohol and kidney damage: a Janus-faced relationship. Kidney Int 81:816–818

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shanmugam KR, Mallikarjuna K, Reddy KS (2011) Effect of alcohol on blood glucose and antioxidant enzymes in the liver and kidney of diabetic rats. Indian J Pharmacol 43:330–335

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith SA, Lister CA, Toseland CD, Buckingham RE (2000) Rosiglitazone prevents the onset of hyperglycaemia and proteinuria in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat. Diabetes Obes Metab 2:363–372

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Trachtman H, Del Pizzo R, Futterweit S, Levine D, Rao PS, Valderrama E, Sturman JA (1992) Taurine attenuates renal disease in chronic puromycin aminonucleoside nephropathy. Am J Phys 262:F117–F123

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Trachtman H, Futterweit S, Maesaka J, Ma C, Valderrama E, Fuchs A, Tarectecan A, Rao PS, Sturman JA, Boles TH et al (1995) Taurine ameliorates chronic streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. Am J Physiol - Renal Physiol 269:F429–F438

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • United States Department of Agriculture (2013) Animal welfare act and animal welfare regulations. Animal Care Blue Book, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamagata K, Ishida K, Sairenchi T, Takahashi H, Ohba S, Shiigai T, Narita M, Koyama A (2007) Risk factors for chronic kidney disease in a community-based population: a 10-year follow-up study. Kidney Int 71:159–166

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ying W, Qin W, Gao Y (2018) Urine glucose levels are disordered before blood glucose level increase was observed in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Sci China Life Sci 61:844–848

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang S, Xu H, Yu X, Wu Y, Sui D (2017) Metformin ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in a rat model of low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Exp Therap Med 14:383–390

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ziyadeh FN, Goldfarb S (1991) The renal tubulointerstitium in diabetes mellitus. Kidney Int 39:464–475

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zoccali C, Kramer A, Jager KJ (2009) Chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease – a review produced to contribute to the report ‘the status of health in the European Union: towards a healthier Europe’. NDT Plus 3:213–224

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Professions, St. John’s University, Jamaica, NY, USA

    Sanket N. Patel & Cesar A. Lau-Cam

Authors
  1. Sanket N. Patel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Cesar A. Lau-Cam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

    Jianmin Hu

  2. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medicine University, Dalian, Liaoning, China

    Fengyuan Piao

  3. Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA

    Stephen W. Schaffer

  4. Department of Biology, Center for Developmental Neuroscience, College of Staten Island, Staten Island, NY, USA

    Abdeslem El Idrissi

  5. Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA

    Jang-Yen Wu

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Patel, S.N., Lau-Cam, C.A. (2019). Modification by Ethanol and Taurine, Singly and in Combination, of Changes in Indices of Renal Dysfunction Caused by Diabetes in Rats. In: Hu, J., Piao, F., Schaffer, S., El Idrissi, A., Wu, JY. (eds) Taurine 11. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1155. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8023-5_35

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation