Estimation of Urban Area Surface Temperature with Landsat 8 Thermal Band Using GIS: A Case Study of Jaipur City

Abstract

Surface temperature is depending upon type of surface if surface is hard or made from concrete or harder matter than the temperature will be more, so it is important to study surface temperature of an urban area, with increasing urban area temperature in the central part of the city cause more air temperature, and if humidity is present, then it creates very uncomfort situation to live without any cooling system. So, the study of urban heat is mandatory to know about these types of situations in city and identify area are being in this situation [1]. This heat zone in a city center which will present in both seasons summer and winter. This situation is only uncomfort to humans in the area of earth below 32° of latitude and not in other part of world. Landsat 8 provides this facility to investigate the surface temperature using its thermal band [2]. Data collected from the thermal band is easily possible to convert into surface temperature in degree [3]. So, in this study, only year 2017 images are investigated by developing the surface temperature model in GIS. The results will show that the temperature is distributed over the surface. So, the hot area is very hot in summer. So, changing land use also have a direct connection with surface temperature if the more urban area will increase the more the surface temperature rise will increase in city [3]. If there is too much urbanization distance to increase more surface temperature. So, this study becomes important in this aspect [4].