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Deuterium

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Deuteride Materials

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Abstract

Deuterium is the basis of deuterated compounds. The studies on deuterium element (atom) and elemental deuterium have nearly a hundred years of history. In the past studies, deuterium atom has played an important role in the development of quantum mechanics. As an isotope of hydrogen, deuterium exhibits a significant isotope effect without any radioactive characteristic, which has attracted considerable attention in scientific communities with an emphasis on the nuclear applications. Historically, the demand of war promoted and developed nuclear weapons, which in turn promoted the rapid development of deuterium research. Until the 1990s, the global trend of dearmation changed the world’s theme from the Cold War to peace and started the era of peaceful economic development. Under these global circumstances, the applied research of deuterium shifted to a large extent in the fields of engineering and natural sciences such as energy, materials, and medicine, and showed a huge potential application.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Harold Clayton Urey, 1893–1981, was an American physical chemist whose pioneering work on isotopes earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1934 for the discovery of deuterium.

  2. 2.

    Frederick Soddy, 1877–1956, was an English radiochemist who explained, with Ernest Rutherford, that radioactivity is due to the transmutation of elements, now known to involve nuclear reactions. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1921.

  3. 3.

    Francis William Aston, 1877–1945, was an English chemist and physicist who won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery, by means of his mass spectrograph, of isotopes, in a large number of nonradioactive elements, and for his enunciation of the whole number rule.

  4. 4.

    Otto Stern, 1888–1969, was a German American physicist and Nobel laureate in physics.

  5. 5.

    Christopher Kelk Ingold, 1893–1970, was a British chemist based in Leeds and London, and was regarded as one of the chief pioneers of physical organic chemistry.

  6. 6.

    Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier, 1743–1794, was a French nobleman and chemist who was central to the eighteenth-century chemical revolution and who had a large influence on both the history of chemistry and the history of biology.

  7. 7.

    John Dalton, 1766–1844, was an English chemist, physicist, and meteorologist. He is best known for proposing the modern atomic theory and for his research into color blindness, sometimes referred to as Daltonism in his honor.

  8. 8.

    E. P. Wigner, 1902–1995, was a Hungarian American theoretical physicist and mathematician. He received half of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963 “for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China

    Jiping Liu & Xiaobo Liu

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  1. Jiping Liu
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  2. Xiaobo Liu
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Correspondence to Jiping Liu .

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Liu, J., Liu, X. (2019). Deuterium. In: Deuteride Materials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6962-9_1

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