Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Simple Nephrectomy

Abstract

In 1991, Clayman successfully performed the first laparoscopic nephrectomy [1]. Later, Gaur introduced the balloon technique to create retroperitoneal working space and performed nephrectomy through retroperitoneal approach [2]. Up to date, laparoscopic simple nephrectomy for benign disease on non-functioning kidney has become the standard of care. Different from radical nephrectomy, removal of perirenal fat capsule is not required for simple nephrectomy. Otherwise, the remaining surgical steps including pedicle control are similar to radical nephrectomy. Laparoscopic procedure offers significant advantages as compared to open surgery, including less postoperative pain, lower complication rates, shorter hospital stay and faster recovery.