Abstract
Next in our sequence of time periods is the span of approximately 1000 years known (in Western culture) as the Dark Ages. This epoch spanned the fifth to fifteenth centuries of the common era, beginning approximately with the sacking of Rome—and the fall of the Western Roman Empire—in 476 CE, and ending with the fall of the Eastern Roman Empire centred on Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul), in 1453 CE.
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Notes
- 1.
Also known as the Byzantine Empire, or Byzantium.
- 2.
Latin—literally, after the fact.
- 3.
In a double-action piston, the so-called working fluid acts on both sides of the piston. This is common in steam engines but is not the process used in an internal combustion engine. In the latter system, fuel and air are only ever present on one side of the piston.
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Cropley, D.H. (2019). The Dark Ages (476–1453 CE): Eastern Creativity. In: Homo Problematis Solvendis–Problem-solving Man. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3101-5_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3101-5_5
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