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Legal Framework of GATT, 1994

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Guide to the WTO and GATT

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Abstract

In earlier chapters, while describing the chief characteristics of WTO, a brief history of the evolution of GATT 1947 was outlined and also the course of events leading to the conclusion of the Tokyo round of tariff negotiation (1973–1979) was described. The GATT 1947 has been now replaced by GATT 1994 and various agreements as a package of the Uruguay Round Negotiation (1986–1994).

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Notes

  1. 1.

    For a history of MFN clause, See John H Jackson, World Trade and the Law of GATT, 249–246 (1969).

  2. 2.

    John H. Jackson, ibid; p. 2.

  3. 3.

    Ibid., p. 265.

  4. 4.

    For a brief list of such waivers, See Chapter 2, WTO, Its Birth and Background, of this book.

  5. 5.

    This paragraph has been added to GATT 1994.

  6. 6.

    This paragraph has been added to GATT 1994.

  7. 7.

    Appellate Body Report on Canada—Certain Measure Affecting the Automotive Industry, WT/DS/ 139/AB/R, WT/DS/42/R, para. 84.

  8. 8.

    Ibid., para.

  9. 9.

    Appellate Body Report on Canada—Certain Measure Affecting the Automotive Industry, WT/DS/ 139/AB/R, WT/DS/42/R, para. 79.

  10. 10.

    Raj Bhalla, International Trade Law: Theory And Practice 260–270 (2 ed. 2001).

  11. 11.

    Mitsu Matsushta, et al, ed; 144 (Oxford University Press, 2003).

  12. 12.

    L/5135, Adopted on 11 June 1981 28S/102/111, para. 4.3.

  13. 13.

    II/12, CP.2/SR.11, pp. 7–8.

  14. 14.

    L/6264, Adopted on 2 Feb 1988; 35S/245/289–290, paras. 122–123.

  15. 15.

    L/3573, Adopted on 16 September 1971.

  16. 16.

    L/2676, Adopted on 17 November 1906.

  17. 17.

    L/3648, Adopted on 12 January 1972.

  18. 18.

    A 1984 statement by the Chairman of the Committee on Balance of Payments Restrictions, C/125, dated 13 March1984, Adopted by the Council on 15/16 May, 1984/C/M/178p.267,31 S/56–60, para. 13.

  19. 19.

    L/1923, Adopted 16 Nov. 1962 11S/95,100, para. 17.

  20. 20.

    L/5099, Adopted on 10 March 1981, 28S/92,98 para. 4.2–4.3.

  21. 21.

    L/6309, Adopted on 4 May 1988 35S/116,159, para. 122.

  22. 22.

    L/6264 Adopted on 2 Feb. 1988, 35S/245.

  23. 23.

    European Communities-Regime for the Importation, Sale and Distribution of Bananas, Panel Report, WT/DS 27/R, Adopted 25 September 1997 as modified by the Appellate Body Report WT/DS27/AB/ R, DSR1997: II para 206.

  24. 24.

    DS21/R (unadopted) dated 3 September 1991, 39 S/155, 203–204, para. 5.43–5.44.

  25. 25.

    Supra note, 23.

  26. 26.

    Supra note, 23, para. 190.

  27. 27.

    G/32 Adopted on 7 Nov. 1952, 1S/59,60, para. 3.

  28. 28.

    L/4687, Adopted on 18 Oct. 1978, 25S/68, 106.

  29. 29.

    Ibid., para. 4.19.

  30. 30.

    DS/8/R, Adopted 19 June, 1992, 39S/128, 151, para. 6.10.

  31. 31.

    Indonesia—Certain Measures Affecting the Automobile Industry, Panel Report, DSR 1998.

  32. 32.

    Indonesia—Certain Measures Affecting the Automobile Industry, Panel Report, DSR 1999 paras. 14.145–14.147.

  33. 33.

    Canada—Certain Measures Affecting the Automobile Industry, Panel Report, WT/DS 139/R, WT/ DS 142/R, Adopted 19 June, 2000 as modified by Appellate Body Report, WT/DS/39/AB/R,WT/DS142/AB/R, para. 85.

  34. 34.

    Ibid., paras. 10.22–10.25.

  35. 35.

    United States—Import Measures on Certain Products from the European Communities, Panel Report, WT/DS192/R, Adopted on 10 Jan. 2001, para. 6.54.

  36. 36.

    John H. Jackson, supra note I at p. 261.

  37. 37.

    DS18/R, Adopted 19 June, 1992, 39S/128, 151, para. 6.11.

  38. 38.

    GATT/CP4/39, Adopted on 3 April 1950, II/188,198, para. 8.

  39. 39.

    L/4599 Adopted on 14 March 1978 25S/49-63 para. 4.1–4.2.

  40. 40.

    L/5135, Adopted on June 11, 1981, 28S/102, 111–112, para. 4.4–4.10 passim.

  41. 41.

    L/6470, Adopted on 19 July, 1989, 36S/167, 180, para. 3.19–3.20, 3.37–3.39.

  42. 42.

    L/4679, Note by the GATT Secretariat on ‘Modalities’ of Application of Article XIX, para. 45.

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  1. National University of Study and Research, Ranchi, India

    Autar Krishen Koul

  2. National Law University, Jodhpur, India

    Autar Krishen Koul

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Koul, A.K. (2018). Legal Framework of GATT, 1994. In: Guide to the WTO and GATT. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2089-7_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2089-7_4

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