Abstract
Worldviews are often understood as ‘foreign policy schools of thought’ or ‘ideational variables affecting the foreign policy outcome’. Though they themselves may not be the contents of foreign policy, they provide a requisite perspective for the policy makers to understand the world and take appropriate foreign policy decisions. In other words, they are ‘lenses through which people see the world and the frameworks within which theories of that world are built’. However, these lenses need not exhibit methodical precision nor be based on principles of international relations. The foreign policy makers do not necessarily have interests or skills to provide a clinical enumeration of their assumptions and actions. That job is left to the strategic community that is trained for that very purpose.
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Notes
- 1.
Nau (2012), p. 4.
- 2.
Goldstein (1988) p. 8.
- 3.
Mowle (2003), p. 563.
- 4.
Gaur (2004), p. 308.
- 5.
Shekhar (2012).
- 6.
Ibid.
- 7.
Gujral (1997).
- 8.
For details on the IORA, see their official Webpage—http://www.iora.net/en/about/about-iora (accessed on January 10, 2018).
- 9.
Gaur (2004), p. 308.
- 10.
Speech by External Affairs Minister Shri Yashwant Sinha at Harvard University, September 29, 2003, http://mea.gov.in/Speeches-Statements.htm?dtl/4744/Speech+by+External+Affairs+Minister+Shri+Yashwant+Sinha+at+Harvard+University (accessed on January 20, 2018).
- 11.
Raja Mohan (2013), pp. 5–6.
- 12.
Chacko (2016).
- 13.
“India’s ‘Connect Central Asia’ Policy” Keynote address by Minister (State) of External Affairs E. Ahamed at First India-Central Asia Dialogue, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic on June 12, 2012, http://www.mea.gov.in/Speeches-Statements.htm?dtl/19791/Keynote+address+by+MOS+Shri+E+Ahamed+at+First+IndiaCentral+Asia+Dialogue (accessed on January 05, 2018).
- 14.
Scott (2009a), pp. 107–108.
- 15.
Mukherjee (2006).
- 16.
Wadhwa (2014).
- 17.
“External Affairs Minister's speech at the 6th CUTS Anniversary Lecture on "India's Economic Integration with Asia”, New Delhi, August 13, 2013, http://www.mea.gov.in/Speeches-Statements.htm?dtl/22153/external+affairs+ministers+speech+at+the+6th+cuts+anniversary+lecture+on+quotindias+economic+integration+with+asiaquot (accessed on January 15, 2018).
- 18.
India’s Maritime Military Strategy 2015.
- 19.
Bangladesh, China, Myanmar and Pakistan remain India’s main land-based conduits for access to continental Asia. India has had troubled relations with all of them.
- 20.
Wadhwa (2014).
- 21.
Dr. Manmohan Singh’s Speech at the third India-ASEAN Business Summit, New Delhi, October 21, 2004, cited in Devare (2006), p. 29.
- 22.
Mukherjee (2006).
- 23.
‘India and ASEAN—An Overview’, Keynote Address by Secretary (East) at Nehru Memorial Museum and Library, New Delhi, February 06, 2017, http://www.mea.gov.in/Speeches-Statements.htm?dtl/28009/keynote+address+by+secretary+east+on+india+and+asean++an+overview+at+nehru+memorial+museum+and+library+new+delhi+february+2+2017 (accessed on January 12, 2018).
- 24.
“India’s ‘Connect Central Asia’ Policy” op.cit.
- 25.
‘India’s Links with West Asia: Policy, Prospects and Challenges’, Remarks by Secretary (East) at 2nd Annual West Asia Conference, January 22, 2016, http://www.mea.gov.in/Speeches-Statements.htm?dtl/26285/remarks+by+secretary+east+at+2nd+annual+west+asia+conference++indias+links+with+west+asia+policy+prospects+and+challenges (accessed on January 13, 2018).
- 26.
‘Remarks by External Affairs Minister at the Inauguration of India-Africa Friendship Rose garden’, Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India, October 25, 2015, http://www.mea.gov.in/Speeches-Statements.htm?dtl/25964/remarks+by+external+affairs+minister+at+the+inauguration+of+indiaafrica+friendship+rose+garden++october+25+2015 (accessed on January 13, 2018).
- 27.
Devare (2006), p. 18.
- 28.
Mukherjee (2007).
- 29.
- 30.
Cited in Gujaral (1996).
- 31.
- 32.
C. Raja Mohan, ibid.
- 33.
Wadhwa (2014).
- 34.
Keynote Address by Secretary (West) at the Fourth India-Central Asia Dialogue, Ministry of External Affairs, December 01, 2016, http://www.mea.gov.in/Speeches-Statements.htm?dtl/27736/Keynote+Address+by+Secretary+West+at+the+Fourth+IndiaCentral+Asia+Dialogue+December+01+2016 (accessed on January 13, 2018).
- 35.
Raja Mohan (2000).
- 36.
Export Import Data Bank, Department of Commerce, Government of India. See http://commerce.nic.in/eidb/default.asp (accessed on January 18, 2018).
- 37.
International Energy Agency, ‘World Energy Outlook Special Report 2015: India Energy Outlook’ (Paris: OECD/IEA, 2015), p. 3.
- 38.
Energy Statistics 2017 (New Delhi: Government of India, 2017), p. 70.
- 39.
Verma (2017).
- 40.
Energy Statistics 2017 (New Delhi: Government of India, 2017), Table 5.3, p. 38.
- 41.
Dunn (2014).
- 42.
Ibid.
- 43.
Raja Mohan (2015), p. 136.
- 44.
Ganguli (2017).
- 45.
Shepard, Wade “Watch Out, China: India Is Building A ‘New Silk Road’ Of Its Own”, Forbes Asia, June 28, 2017.
- 46.
Raja Mohan (2006).
- 47.
Pravasi Bharatiya Divas 2014, Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India, http://www.mea.gov.in/pravasi-bharatiya-divas.htm (accessed on January 20, 2018).
- 48.
‘Population of Overseas Indians’, Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India, December 2017 http://mea.gov.in/images/attach/NRIs-and-PIOs_1.pdf (accessed on January 20, 2018).
- 49.
Pethiyagoda (2017).
- 50.
Holsti (1970), p. 243.
- 51.
Amb (Retd) Yogendra Kumar, ‘India's policy towards its extended neighbourhood and the larger context of national foreign policy challenges’, Distinguished Lecture Series, Sikkim University, May 13, 2016, http://www.mea.gov.in/distinguished-lectures-detail.htm?524 (accessed on January 09, 2018).
- 52.
C. Raja Mohan, Foreign Policy after 1990s, op.cit., p. 136.
- 53.
Scott (2009b), pp. 107–143.
- 54.
Kanti Bajpai, ‘Modi’s Foreign Policy of Shanti and Shakti’, Seminar, no. 677, 2016, http://www.india-seminar.com/2016/677/677_kanti_bajpai.htm (accessed on January 13, 2018).
- 55.
Ladwig (2009).
- 56.
‘IISS Fullerton Lecture by Dr. S. Jaishankar, Foreign Secretary in Singapore’, Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India, July 20, 2015, http://mea.gov.in/Speeches-Statements.htm?dtl/25493/IISS_Fullerton_Lecture_by_Foreign_Secretary_in_Singapore (accessed on January 21, 2018).
- 57.
Ibid.
- 58.
Chaudhury (2017).
- 59.
Ensuring Secure Seas; Indian Maritime Security Strategy, [New Delhi Ministry of Defence (Navy), 2015], p. 8.
- 60.
Ibid.
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Shekhar, V. (2019). Rise of India’s ‘Extended Neighbourhood’ Worldview. In: Ranjan, A. (eds) India in South Asia. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2020-0_15
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