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Characterization of Extracellular Proteins to Explore Their Role in Bio-Flocculation for Harvesting Algal Biomass for Wastewater Treatment

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Book cover The Role of Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

Bioprocess technology aims to production of high-value end products from natural materials in an eco-friendly method. While doing so it can also solve environmental and industrial problems in addition to product yield. Bio-flocculation is a dynamic phase in most of the bioprocess such as wastewater treatment, harvesting of biofuels, bioremediation of activated sludge, and yielding of bio-materials from a bioreactor. In algae-based bioprocess technology, harvesting of algal biomass is enormously energy-intensive step. This alone is the main constraint on commercial development of numerous conceivable methodologies of environmental management through algal systems worldwide.

Several strategies are currently investigated in order to enhance auto-flocculation in a regulated way to avoid energy demanding centrifugation and successive processing. A successful master plan in this domain would lead to potentially low-cost harvesting technique. Some approaches that are under scrutiny involve co-culture of bio-flocculent producing organisms. However, the bottleneck of biomass harvesting at minimal cost is yet to be circumvented. In this study, the flocculation enhancing proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ie, Flo 1, Flo 5 and Flo 9 have been analyzed using computation biology tools to evaluate their structural and functional characteristics to assess dynamic behavior and flocculating properties. It is followed by a dry run of molecular biology intervention. Bioinformatics simulations such as molecular dynamics, normal mode analysis, characterization of protein active sites, and protein network interaction are some low cost yet efficient tools that are used in this chapter for their near precise prediction on a protein behavior. This study is novel and aids to the ongoing brainstorming of the bioprocess biotechnology fraternity to establish an economical harvesting protocol for algal biomass for wastewater treatment.

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Acknowledgment

The author acknowledges Women’s Polytechnic, Hapania, Government of Tripura for providing basic infrastructure for conducting the study.

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  1. Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Women’s Polytechnic, Government of Tripura, Agartala, 799130, Tripura, India

    Surajit Debnath

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  1. Biofuels and Bioprocessing Research Center, Institute of Technical Education and Research, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Lala Behari Sukla

  2. Biomics & Biodiversity Laboratory, Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Enketeswara Subudhi

  3. Biofuels and Bioprocessing Research Center, Institute of Technical Education and Research, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Debabrata Pradhan

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Debnath, S. (2019). Characterization of Extracellular Proteins to Explore Their Role in Bio-Flocculation for Harvesting Algal Biomass for Wastewater Treatment. In: Sukla, L., Subudhi, E., Pradhan, D. (eds) The Role of Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1586-2_18

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