Abstract
We can divide methods of microbiome community composition study into two major components: analysis of taxonomic diversities and multivariate analysis of microbiome composition. The multivariate analysis includes various multivariate techniques, such as clustering and (unconstrained and constrained) ordination and hypothesis testing differences among groups. Although the unconstrained ordination involves post hoc hypothesis, it belongs to exploratory analysis per se. The constrained ordination is a hypothesis testing. In this chapter, we will use various graphical techniques to explore taxonomic diversities and use clustering and ordination techniques to explore microbiome compositions.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Anderson, M.J., and T.J. Willis. 2003. Canonical analysis of principal coordinates: A useful method of constrained ordination for ecology. Ecology 84: 511–525.
Borcard, D., F. Gillet, et al. 2011. Numerical ecology with R. New York: Springer.
Charlson, E.S., J. Chen, et al. 2010. Disordered microbial communities in the upper respiratory tract of cigarette smokers. PLoS ONE 5 (12): 0015216.
Chen, J. 2012. GUniFrac: Generalized UniFrac distances. R package version 1.0. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=GUniFrac.
Gauch Jr., H.G. 1982a. Noise reduction by eigenvalue ordinations. Ecology 63: 1643–1649.
Gauch Jr., H.G. 1982b. Multivariate analysis and community structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jin, D., S. Wu, et al. 2015. Lack of vitamin D receptor causes dysbiosis and changes the functions of the murine intestinal microbiome. Clinical Therapeutics 37(5): 996–1009.
Legendre, P., and L. Legendre. 1998. Numerical ecology. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Legendre, P., and L. Legendre. 2012. Numerical ecology. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
McMurdie, P.J., and S. Holmes. 2013. phyloseq: An R package for reproducible interactive analysis and graphics of microbiome census data. PLoS ONE 8 (4): e61217.
Rajaram, S., and Y. Oono. 2010. Neatmap—Non-clustering heat map alternatives in R. BMC Bioinformatics 11 (1): 45.
ter Braak, C.J.F. 1985. CANOCO—A FORTRAN program for canonical correspondence analysis and detrended correspondence analysis. The Netherlands: Wageningen.
ter Braak, C.J.F. 1986. Canonical correspondence analysis: A new eigenvector technique for multivariate direct gradient analysis. Ecology 67: 1167–1179.
Ward Jr., J.H. 1963. Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. Journal of the American Statistical Association 58: 236–244.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Xia, Y., Sun, J., Chen, DG. (2018). Exploratory Analysis of Microbiome Data and Beyond. In: Statistical Analysis of Microbiome Data with R. ICSA Book Series in Statistics. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1534-3_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1534-3_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-1533-6
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-1534-3
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)