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Emerging Role of Electromagnetic Field Therapy in Stroke

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Advancement in the Pathophysiology of Cerebral Stroke

Abstract

Interest in the clinical utilization of the magnetic field is increasing globally. Various articles have suggested the use of magnetic fields to initiate neuroprotective and neuro-regenerative effects on different biological systems that are of critical importance for the treatment of various injuries. Electromagnetic therapy provides a secure method for the direct treatment of injuries. The magnetic field may cause cell proliferation, genotoxic effects, changes in cell membrane permeability, and osteoblast formation. Some studies focus on the application of magnetic fields with different frequency bands and its corresponding effects at a cellular level. It has recently found that the static magnetic field (SMF) and the pulsating magnetic field (PEMF) can enhance the therapeutic outcome owing to anti-inflammatory and neuro-regenerative effects in animals and humans. In this chapter, we have included various mechanisms for neuroprotection and many experimental pieces of evidence to support the hypothesis that magnetic fields might constitute a non-invasive mode of therapy. Meanwhile, some of the experimental studies demonstrate the occurrence of protection, and various other articles propose that magnetic fields influence biochemical systems.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Chandra Kant Singh Tekam, Amit Kumar Tripathi, Gaurav Kumar & Ranjana Patnaik

Authors
  1. Chandra Kant Singh Tekam
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  2. Amit Kumar Tripathi
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  3. Gaurav Kumar
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  4. Ranjana Patnaik
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chandra Kant Singh Tekam .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ranjana Patnaik

  2. School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Amit Kumar Tripathi

  3. Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ashish Dwivedi

Basic Terminology

Basic Terminology

  1. 1.

    Magnetic induction –the capacity of a magnetic field to induce a magnetic phenomenon at a certain point. It is measured in gauss.

  2. 2.

    Magnetic flow –the current of any magnitude through a surface. Magnetic flow is measured by the number of lines that cross a surface. This number changes depending on the distance and position that has the surface respective to the magnetic field.

  3. 3.

    Power lines –show the field direction at each point.

  4. 4.

    Magnetic intensity –the strength that a field exerts on an electromagnetic charge unit placed in a point in that field in a time unit.

  5. 5.

    Frequency –the number of times per second that change between alternate polarities. It is measured in Hertz.

  6. 6.

    Frequency spectra –a frequency range.

  7. 7.

    Apoptosis – programmed cell death.

  8. 8.

    BCL-2 family of protein –consists of members that either promote or inhibit the apoptosis and control apoptosis by governing mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization.

  9. 9.

    SMF – stationary magnetic field.

  10. 10.

    PEMF – pulsed electromagnetic field.

  11. 11.

    DC– direct current.

  12. 12.

    ELF – extremely low frequency.

  13. 13.

    MF – medium frequency.

  14. 14.

    DNA – deoxyribose nucleic acid.

  15. 15.

    HFLF – human fetal lung fibroblast.

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Tekam, C.K.S., Tripathi, A.K., Kumar, G., Patnaik, R. (2019). Emerging Role of Electromagnetic Field Therapy in Stroke. In: Patnaik, R., Tripathi, A., Dwivedi, A. (eds) Advancement in the Pathophysiology of Cerebral Stroke. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1453-7_8

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