Abstract
In order to maintain the balance of desulfurization slurry material circulation system, prevent the soluble part of the chlorine concentration in flue gas to exceed a specified value, and ensure the quality of gypsum, discharge from the system is necessary, including a certain amount of waste water, which is mainly from gypsum dehydration and cleaning system. The impurities in waste water mainly include suspended, supersaturated sulfites, sulfates, and heavy metals, many of which are the primary pollutants required to be strictly controlled by national environmental standards. The photocatalysis showed great superiority on wastewater treatment. Based on the photocatalytic mechanism and the kinetics, the photocatalytic process includes primary reaction process and secondary reaction process, and the wastewater degraded with photocatalysts is studied in this chapter. Through the analysis of traditional method on degrading wastewater, it is a universal view that photocatalysis is a promising method with industrialized value. At last, several future developing views of the application of photocatalysts on wastewater treatment were put forward, which included efficiency priority, combining immobilization, mechanism in microcosmic, and application in macroscopic.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
X. Duan, H. Sun, Y. Wang, J. Kang, S. Wang, N-doping-induced nonradical reaction on single-walled carbon nanotubes for catalytic phenol oxidation. ACS Catal. 5, 553–559 (2015)
V. Maroga Mboula, V. Héqueta, Y. Andrès, Y. Gru, R. Colin, Assessment of the efficiency of photocatalysis on tetracycline biodegradation. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 162, 437–444 (2015)
N.G. Moustakas, F.K. Katsaros, A.G. Kontos, G. Em Romanos, D.D. Dionysiou, P. Falaras, Visible light active titanium dioxide photocatalytic filtration membranes with improved permeability and low energy consumption. Catal. Today 224, 56–69 (2014)
T.E. Agustina, H.M. Ang, V.K. Vareek, A review of synergistic effect of photocatalysis and ozonation on wastewater treatment. J. Photochem. Photobiol. C: Photochem. Rev. 6, 264–273 (2005)
U. Černigoj, U.L. Štangar, P. Trebše, Photocatalytic titanium dioxide coatings: Effect of substrate and template. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 75, 229–238 (2007)
M. Mehrjouei, S. Müller, D. Möller, Design and characterization of a multiphase annular falling-film reactor for water treatment. Chem. Eng. J. 263, 209–219 (2015)
L.S. Li, W.P. Zhu, P.Y. Zhang, Z.Y. Chen, Photocatalytic oxidation and ozonation of catechol over carbon-black-modified nano-titanium dioxide thin films supported on Al sheet, W.Y. Han. Water Res. 37, 3646–3651 (2003)
R.R. Giri, H. Ozaki, T. Ishida, Synergy of ozonation and photocatalysis to mineralize low concentration 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in aqueous solution. Chemosphere 66, 1610–1617 (2007)
M. Mehrjouei, S. Müller, D. Möller, Degradation of oxalic acid in a photocatalytic ozonation system by means of Pilkington Active™ glass. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 217, 417–424 (2011)
G.Z. Liao, D.Y. Zhu, L.S. Li, B.Y. Lan, Enhanced photocatalytic ozonation of organics by g-C3N4 under visible light irradiation. J. Hazard. Mater. 280, 531–535 (2014)
J.D. Xiao, Y.B. Xie, F. Nawaz, Y.X. Wang, P.H. Du, H.B. Cao, Preparation of short, robust and highly ordered titanium dioxide nanotube arrays and their applications as electrode. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 183, 417–425 (2016)
Y. Ling, G.Z. Liao, Y.H. Xie, J. Yin, J.Y. Huang, W.H. Feng, L.S. Li, Degradation and inactivation of tetracycline by titanium dioxide photocatalysis. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 329, 280–286 (2016)
M.M. Ye, Z.L. Chen, X.W. Liu, Y. Ben, J.M. Shen, Ozone enhanced activity of aqueous titanium dioxide suspensions for photodegradation of 4-chloronitrobenzene. J. Hazard. Mater. 167, 1021–1027 (2009)
Y. Jing, L.S. Li, Q.Y. Zhang, P. Lu, P.H. Liu, X.H. Lü, Photocatalytic ozonation of dimethyl phthalate with titanium dioxide prepared by a hydrothermal method. J. Hazard. Mater. 189, 40–47 (2011)
H. Ghouas, B. Haddou, M. Kameche, Z. Derriche, C. Gourdon, Extraction of humic acid by coacervate: investigation of direct and back processes. J. Hazard. Mater. 205–206, 171–178 (2012)
L.B. Reutergådh, M. Iangphasuk, Photocatalytic decolourization of reactive azo dye: A comparison between titanium dioxide and us photocatalysis. Chemosphere 35, 585–596 (1997)
H. Hao, J. Zhang, The study of Iron (III) and nitrogen co-doped mesoporous titanium dioxide photocatalysts: synthesis, characterization and activity. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 121, 52–57 (2009)
Y. Xu, Y.P. Mo, J. Tian, P. Wang, H.G. Yu, J.G. Yu, The synergistic effect of graphitic N and pyrrolic N for the enhanced photocatalytic performance of nitrogen-doped graphene/titanium dioxide nanocomposites. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 181, 810–817 (2016)
P. Wang, J. Wang, X.F. Wang, H.G. Yu, J.G. Yu, M. Lei, Y.G. Wang, One-step synthesis of easy-recycling titanium dioxide-rGO nanocomposite photocatalysts with enhanced photocatalytic activity. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 132–133, 452–459 (2013)
Y.N. Huo, X.F. Chen, J. Zhang, G.F. Pan, J.P. Jia, H.X. Li, A highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for nitrite detection based on Fe2O3 nanoparticles decorated reduced graphene oxide nanosheets. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 148–149, 550–556 (2014)
G. Marci, V. Augugliaro, M.J. López-Munoz, C. Martin, L. Palmisano, V. Rives, M. Schiavello, R.J.D. Tilley, A.M. Venezia, Synthesis of titanium dioxide via hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide and its photocatalytic activity on a suspended mixture with activated carbon in the degradation of 2-naphthol. J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 1033–1040 (2001)
J.L. Li, L. Liu, Y. Yu, Y.W. Tang, H.L. Li, F.P. Du, Preparation of highly photocatalytic active nano-size titanium dioxide-Cu2O particle composites with a novel electrochemical method. Electrochem. Commun. 6, 940–943 (2004)
X.Z. Li, F.B. Li, C.L. Yang, W.K. Ge, Photocatalytic degradation of 2-phenylphenol on titanium dioxide and ZnO in aqueous suspensions. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 141, 209–217 (2001)
Y.R. Do, W. Lee, K. Dwight, A. Wold, MoO3 in self-organized titanium dioxide nanotubes for enhanced photocatalytic activity. J. Solid State Chem. 108, 198–201 (1994)
X.Z. Fu, L.A. Clark, Q. Yang, Enhanced photocatalytic performance of titania-based, M.A. Anderson. Environ. Sci. Technol. 30, 647–653 (1996)
Y.K. Takahashi, P. Ngaotrakanwiwat, Energy storage titanium dioxide-MoO3 photocatalysts, T. Tatsuma. Electrochim. Acta 49, 2025–2029 (2004)
J. Papp, S. Soled, K. Dwight, Surface acidity and photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide, WO3/titanium dioxide, photocatalysts, A. Wold. Chem. Mater. 6, 496–500 (1994)
H. Zhao, Y.M. Dong, P.P. Jiang, G.L. Wang, J.J. Zhang, C. Zhang, ZnAl2O4 as a novel high-surface-area ozonation catalyst: one-step green synthesis, catalytic performance and mechanism. Chem. Eng. J. 260, 623–630 (2015)
P. Niu, J. Hao, Efficient degradation of organic dyes by titanium dioxide–silicotungstic acid nanocomposite films: influence of inorganic salts and surfactants. Colloids Surfaces A 443, 501–507 (2014)
M.A. Rauf et al., An overview on the photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes in the presence of TiO2 doped with selective transition metals. Desalination 276, 13–27 (2011)
M. Malika et al., Evaluation of bimetal doped TiO2 in dye fragmentation and its comparison to mono-metal doped and bare catalysts. Appl. Surf. Sci. 368, 316–324 (2016)
F. Xu et al., Investigation of titanium dioxide/ tungstic acid -based photocatalyst for human excrement wastewater treatment. Acta Astronaut. 146, 7–14 (2018)
M. Mashkour et al., Catalytic performance of nano-hybrid graphene and titanium dioxide modified cathodes fabricated with facile and green technique in microbial fuel cell. Prog. Nat. Sci. Mat. Int. 27, 647–651 (2017)
G.P. Fotou, S.E. Pratsinis, Photocatalytic destruction of phenol and salicylic acid with aerosol made and commercial titania powders. Chem. Eng. Commun. 151(1), 251–269 (1996)
H. Abdullah et al., Modified TiO2 photocatalyst for CO2 photocatalytic reduction: an overview. J. CO2 Utilization 22, 15–32 (2017)
N. Couselo, F.S. GarcÃa Einschlag, R.J. Candal, M. Jobbágy, Tungsten-doped titanium dioxide vs pure titanium dioxide photocatalysts: effects on photobleaching kinetics and mechanism. J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 1094–1100 (2008)
S. Singh, P.K. Singh, H. Mahalingam, Novel floating Ag+ doped titanium dioxide/polystyrene photocatalysts for the treatment of dye wastewater. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53, 16332–16340 (2014)
T. Ozge, I. Hatice, D. Anatoli, The leaching kinetics and mechanism of potassium from phosphorus-potassium associated ore in hydrochloric acid at low temperature. Sep. Sci. Technol. 52, 778–786 (2017)
H. Bashiri, Cu@SnS/SnO2 nanoparticles as novel sorbent for dispersive micro solid phase extraction of atorvastatin in human plasma and urine samples by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection: Application of central composite design (CCD), M. Rafiee. Ultrason. Sonochem. 36, 517–526 (2017)
M. Abbasi, U. Rafique, G. Murtaza, M.A. Ashraf, Synthesis, characterisation and photocatalytic performance of ZnS coupled Ag2S Nanoparticles. Arab. J. Chem. (2018)
M. Anjum, R. Kumar, M.A. Barakat, Visible light driven photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater and real sludge using ZnO–ZnS/Ag2O–Ag2S nanocomposite. J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng. 77, 227–235 (2017)
S. Aghabeygi, M. Khademi-Shamami, ZnO/ZrO2 nanocomposite: sonosynthesis, characterization and its application for wastewater treatment. Ultrason. Sonochem. 41, 458–465 (2018)
C. Regmi, Y.K. Kshetri, T.H. Kim, R.P. Pandey, S.K. Ray, S.W. Lee, Fabrication of Ni-doped BiVO4 semiconductors with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performances for wastewater treatment. Appl. Surf. Sci. 413, 253–265 (2017)
X. Han, S. Dong, C. Yu, Y. Wang, K. Yang, J. Sun, Controllable synthesis of Sn-doped BiOCl for efficient photocatalytic degradation of mixed-dye wastewater under natural sunlight irradiation. J. Alloy. Compd. 685, 997–1007 (2016)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press and Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wu, J., Ren, J., Pan, W., Lu, P., Qi, Y. (2019). The Photocatalytic Technology for Wastewater Treatment. In: Photo-catalytic Control Technologies of Flue Gas Pollutants. Energy and Environment Research in China. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8750-9_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8750-9_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-8748-6
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-8750-9
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)