Abstract
Both Chromolaena odorata and Citrus hystrix leaves are known to have various biological activities. This study was designed to determine the antibacterial potential of essential oil of both plants. The essential oil was tested against the selected Gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) bacteria strains by using Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method. C. hystrix essential oil exhibited the highest inhibitory effect against E. faecalis where the highest inhibition zone was 16.33 ± 0.33 mm, followed by E. coli, with 15.4 ± 0.33 mm inhibition zone compared to the other bacteria. The result showed that both the gastrointestinal bacteria which were E. faecalis and E. coli were susceptible to the essential oil. The essential oil of C. odorata showed a potential antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and S. aureus with 17.3 ± 0.33 mm and 17.0 ± 0.58 mm of inhibition zones, respectively. In addition, a combination effect study was done to examine the possible synergistic antibacterial activity from bioactive compounds of both essential oil. The inhibitory effect of combined essential oil against E. coli showed the highest inhibition zone which was at 19.0 ± 0.58 mm, while the inhibition zones of bacteria growth for E. faecalis and S. aureus were at 17.7 ± 0.33 mm and 18.0 ± 0.58 mm, respectively. The results from this study showed that essential oil from both plants separately and in the combined state has the potential to be significant antibacterial agents in the pharmaceutical industry.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Atindehou, M., Lagnika, L., Guérold, B., Marc Strub, J., Zhao, M., Van Dorsselaer, A., … Metz-Boutigue, M.-H. (2013). Isolation and identification of two antibacterial agents from Chromolaena odorata L. Active against four diarrheal strains. Advances in Microbiology, 3(1), 115–121. https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2013.31018.
Carteret, M. (2011). Traditional Asian health beliefs & Healing practices—Dimensions of culture. Retrieved December 15, 2016, from http://www.dimensionsofculture.com/2010/10/traditional-asian-health-beliefs-healing-practices/.
Chanthaphon, S., Chanthachum, S., & Hongpattarakere, T. (2008). Antimicrobial activities of essential oils and crude extracts from tropical Citrus spp. against food-related microorganisms. Journal of Science and Technology, 30(April), 125–131.
Hanphakphoom, S., Thophon, S., Waranusantigul, P., Kangwanrangsan, N., & Krajangsang, S. (2016). Antimicrobial activity of Chromolaena odorata extracts against bacterial human skin infections. Modern Applied Science, 10(2), 159–171. https://doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n2p159.
Hassan, M. A., Othman, S. N. A. M., Nahar, L., Basar, N., Jamil, S., & Sarker, S. D. (2016). Essential oils from the Malaysia Citrus (Rutaceae) medicinal plants. Medicines, 3(13), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines3020013.
Javed, S., Ahmad, R., Shahzad, K., Nawaz, S., Saeed, S., & Saleem, Y. (2013). Chemical constituents, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of essential oil of Citrus limetta var. Mitha (sweet lime) peel in Pakistan. Journal of Microbiology Research, 7(24), 3071–3077. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR12.1254.
Kasuan, N., Muhammad, Z., Yusoff, Z., Hezri, M., Rahiman, F., Taib, M. N., & Haiyee, Z. A. (2013). Extraction of Citrus hystrix D.C. (Kaffir Lime) essentail oil using automated steam distillation process: Analysis of volatile compounds. Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, 17(3), 359–369.
Kooltheat, N., Kamuthachad, L., Anthapanya, M., Samakchan, N., Sranujit, R. P., Potup, P., … Usuwanthim, K. (2016). Kaffir Lime leaves extract inhibits biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans. Nutrition, 32(4), 486–490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2015.10.010.
Mbajiuka, C. S. (2015). Antimicrobila effects of the leaf extracts of Chromolaena Ordorata (Siam Weeds) on some human pathogens. Journal of Pharmaceutical, 4(8), 209–220. Retrieved from www.wjpr.net.
Ng, D. S. H., Rose, L. C., Suhaimi, H., Mohamad, H., Rozaini, M. Z. H., & Taib, M. (2011). Preliminary evaluation on the antibacterial activities of citrus hystrix oil emulsions stabilized by tween 80 and span 80. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3(SUPPL. 2), 209–211.
Nurul Huda, A. K., Mamat, A. S., Effendy, A. W. M., Hussin, Z. M., & Hasan Sayed, M. Z. (2004). The antimicrobial effect of Chromolaena odorata extract on gram-positive bacteria.pdf. In 11th International Conference of the Association of Institutions for Tropical Veterinary Medicine and 16th Veterinary Association Malaysia Congress (pp. 342–343). Petaling Jaya.
Oladoye, S. O., Bello, I. A., & Abdul-hammed, M. (2014). Effect of harvest time on essential oil composition of Chromolaena odorota (L.) leaves from Nigeria. Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 4(10), 18–23. Retrieved from www.iiste.org.
Owolabi, M. S., Ogundajo, A., Yusuf, K. O., Lajide, L., Villanueva, H. E., Tuten, J. A., et al. (2010). Chemical composition and bioactivity of the essential oil of Chromolaena odorata from Nigeria. Records of Natural Products, 4(1), 72–78.
Ratseewo, J., Tangkhawanit, E., Meeso, N., Kaewseejan, N., & Siriamornpun, S. (2016). Changes in antioxidant properties and volatile compounds of Kaffir Lime leaf as affected by cooking processes. International Food Research Journal, 23(1), 188–196.
Shetty, P., & Rinaldi, A. (2010). Integrating modern and traditional medicine: Facts and figures. Retrieved December 15, 2016, from http://www.scidev.net/global/indigenous/feature/integrating-modern-and-traditional-medicine-facts-and-figures.html.
Srisukh, V., Bunyapraphatsara, N., Puttipipatkhachorn, S., Tungrugsasut, W., Pongpan, A., Bunsiriluk, S., et al. (2012). Fresh produce antibacterial rinse from Kaffir Lime oil. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 39(2), 15–27.
Tomar, A., Chandeshwar, I., & Pradesh, U. (2013). Pharmacological importance of citrus fruits. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 4(1), 156–160.
Vaisakh, M. N., & Pandey, A. (2012). The invasive weed with healing properties: A review on Chromolaena odorata. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3(1), 80–83.
Ventola, C. L. (2015). The antibiotic resistance crisis: Part 1: Causes and threats. P & T : A Peer-Reviewed Journal for Formulary Management, 40(4), 277–83. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25859123.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Sidek, H.J., Abdullah, F.F. (2018). Potential Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil of Citrus hystrix and Chromolaena odorata Leaves. In: Saian, R., Abbas, M. (eds) Proceedings of the Second International Conference on the Future of ASEAN (ICoFA) 2017 – Volume 2. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8471-3_52
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8471-3_52
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-8470-6
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-8471-3
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)