Abstract
Pollutants in flue gas from thermal power plants and municipal waste incineration facilities, and in off-gas from painting or cleaning factories are one of the significant cause of destruction of global environment in terms of acidic rain, photochemical smog, greenhouse effect, cancer-causing/endocrine disruption for life a living thing. Control/purification technology for environment conservation shall be developed parallel with measures against such global environmental issues based on the reduction, reuse, recycle and refuse (4R) in daily life e.g. ISO14001.
Radiation treatment of pollutants in flue/off-gas and waste water through radiation-induced physical and chemical reactions such as ionization/excitation and oxidation is one of the effective technology, especially for pollutants in very low concentration that cannot be removed by other technologies.
This chapter outlines on radiation treatment technology for purification/sterilization and removal of pollutants in flue-/off-gas and waste water which is on the basis of physical and chemical reactions induced by ionizing irradiations.
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References
Kojima T (2003) Denshi biimu o mochiita haien haisui shori gijutu to sono jiturei, Ouyou buturi, vol 72, pp 405–414 (in Japanese); Kojima T (2003) Electron beam-based flue gas and wastewater treatment technologies and examples of their use. Appl Phys 72:405–414 (in Japanese)
Chang JS (2000) Taiki osen bussitu no kankyou taisaku gijutu no genjou to kadai – Teion purazuma gijutu o cyushin toshite -, Ouyou buturi, vol 69, pp 268–277 (in Japanese); Chang JS (2000) Current status of and challenges for technologies to protect the environment from air pollutants – an analysis with a focus on low-temperature plasma technologies. Appl Phys 69:268–277 (in Japanese)
Nihon houshasen kagaku kai (hen) (2006) Houshasen kagaku no susume, Gakkai syuppan senta (in Japanese); Japanese Society of Radiation Chemistry (ed.) (2006) Introduction to radiation chemistry. Gakkai Shuppan Center (in Japanese)
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Exercises
Exercises
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1.
From Table 10.1, select suitable treatment methods for exhaust gases whose maximum organic environmental pollutant concentrations in air are 10 ppm, 100 ppm, and 1000 ppm, respectively, taking into consideration the economics of the treatment methods.
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2.
“Micrograms/liter” is a unit for concentration used in regulations, standards, etc. that control releases of pollutants into the environment. Provide a rough estimate of the amount in grams of a pollutant whose concentration is 1 microgram/liter contained in a space whose volume is the same as that of Tokyo Dome (1,240,000 m3).
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3.
It is not always the case that a technically superior exhaust gas treatment method is selected as a method to use in practical exhaust gas treatment. Give a reason for this citing an example.
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Kojima, T. (2018). Utilization of Ionizing Radiation in Environmental Purification. In: Kudo, H. (eds) Radiation Applications. An Advanced Course in Nuclear Engineering, vol 07. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7350-2_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7350-2_10
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