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Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies for Depression in Childhood and Adolescence

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Understanding Depression

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Abstract

Child and adolescent depression not only is a current mental health problem but also causes negative long-term consequences in adulthood. Adolescence is a key window for preventive interventions because the prevalence of depression significantly increases during this developmental period. Risk factors associated with an increased likelihood of child and adolescent depression include familial, genetic, psychosocial, and neural/neuroendocrine risks. Existing strategies for preventing depression can be categorized into three types of intervention methods. From recent meta-analyses, it is argued that a selective and indicated prevention strategy is effective in preventing the occurrence of depression in children and adolescents, whereas universal prevention is not. However, the effect size of selective and indicated prevention was not large enough. Future studies are needed to investigate a new prevention program targeting low positive affect, reward processing, and emotional dysregulation known to be associated with child and adolescent depression.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (NRF-2015R1A2A2A01004501) and was supported by the Promising-Pioneering Researcher Program through Seoul National University (SNU) in 2015.

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea

    Jun Won Kim

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

    Jae-Won Kim

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  1. College of Medicine, Korea University, Kyonggi-do, Korea (Republic of)

    Yong-Ku Kim

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Kim, J.W., Kim, JW. (2018). Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies for Depression in Childhood and Adolescence. In: Kim, YK. (eds) Understanding Depression . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6580-4_22

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