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Precision Psychiatry: Personalized Clinical Approach to Depression

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Understanding Depression

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Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and debilitating illness, often causing disability and premature death, with a significant rate of non-response to current therapies. Precision medicine is based on the assumption that every person is relatively unique and proposes to tailor the health care of each individual by integrating information about clinical features, genetic and epigenetic factors, and other biomarkers and environmental influences. The “personalized medicine” approach in MDD as in all of medicine is the ultimate goal to identify predictors that can be used in clinical practice and can guide psychiatrists in improving treatment outcomes and reducing side effects.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Alessandra Alciati, MD, for her help in the preparation of the chapter.

Financial Disclosures

Dr. Nemeroff discloses Research/Grants: National Institutes of Health (NIH), Stanley Medical Research Institute; Consulting (last 3 years): Xhale, Takeda, Taisho Pharmaceutical Inc., Prismic Pharmaceuticals, Bracket (Clintara), Total Pain Solutions (TPS), Gerson Lehrman Group (GLG) Healthcare & Biomedical Council, Fortress Biotech, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Janssen Research & Development LLC, Magstim, Inc.; Stockholder: Xhale, Celgene, Seattle Genetics, Abbvie, OPKO Health, Inc., Bracket Intermediate Holding Corp., Network Life Sciences Inc., Antares;

Scientific Advisory Boards: American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (AFSP), Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (BBRF) (formerly named National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression [NARSAD]), Xhale, Anxiety Disorders Association of America (ADAA), Skyland Trail, Bracket (Clintara), RiverMend Health LLC, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Inc.; Board of Directors:

AFSP, Gratitude America, ADAA; Income sources or equity of $10,000 or more:

American Psychiatric Publishing, Xhale, Bracket (Clintara), CME Outfitters, Takeda; Patents:

Method and devices for transdermal delivery of lithium (US 6,375,990B1); Method of assessing antidepressant drug therapy via transport inhibition of monoamine neurotransmitters by ex vivo assay (US 7,148,027B2); Speakers Bureau: None.

All other authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Villa San Benedetto Menni Hospital, FoRiPsi, Albese con Cassano, Como, Italy

    Giampaolo Perna & Raffaele Balletta

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami University, Miami, USA

    Giampaolo Perna & Charles B. Nemeroff

  3. Research Institute of Mental Health and Neuroscience and Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands

    Giampaolo Perna

  4. Villa Elisa Hospital, Casamarciano, Naples, Italy

    Raffaele Balletta

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  1. Giampaolo Perna
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  1. College of Medicine, Korea University, Kyonggi-do, Korea (Republic of)

    Yong-Ku Kim

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Perna, G., Balletta, R., Nemeroff, C.B. (2018). Precision Psychiatry: Personalized Clinical Approach to Depression. In: Kim, YK. (eds) Understanding Depression . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6580-4_21

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