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Role of Proteases in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

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Abstract

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis may be described as the debilitating condition of lung where excessive collagen-rich extracellular matrix (ECM) gets deposited. From the chemical and biological properties, it can be assumed that the activities of proteases can degrade matrix. Though, some of the proteases are anti-fibrotic, whereas most of them have profibrotic functions. Proteases perform important functions in a range of biological processes, like tissue repairing, remodeling, and providing immunity. However, the exact mechanism is yet to be known how these enzymes work during fibrosis; i.e., the proteins that the proteases target to perform a specific process and its effect on ECM turnover is still opaque. However, experimental models and clinical studies have identified some crucial steps that could help understanding the disease mechanism and also herald a ground for future therapy.

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Abbreviations

α-SMA:

α Α smooth muscle actin

AHR:

Airway hyper reactivity

ALI:

Acute lung injury

AR:

Amphiregulin

ARDS:

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

BALf:

Broncho alveolar lavage fluid

Cat K:

Cathepsin K

COPD:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

EGFR:

Epithelial growth factor receptor

EMT:

Epithelial mesenchymal transition

IPF:

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

IGFBP-3:

Insulin growth factor binding protein-3

MMP:

Matrix metalloprotease

NE:

Neutrophil elastase

PFT:

Pulmonary function test

PTGS2:

Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2

ROC:

Receiver operating characteristic curve

TGF β:

Transforming growth factor β

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank all the laboratory members for their kind support throughout the time and sharing their views and ideas during the scientific discussions. The authors also like to thank Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, for providing the ideal environment to complete this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, India

    Soumya Chatterjee, Kaustav Chakraborty & Arindam Bhattacharyya

  2. Department of Pneumology, Allergy and Asthma Research Centre, Kolkata, India

    Subhabrata Moitra

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  1. Soumya Chatterjee
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  2. Kaustav Chakraborty
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  3. Subhabrata Moitra
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  4. Arindam Bhattacharyya
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Correspondence to Arindam Bhattacharyya .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India

    Sajal Chakraborti

  2. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Chatterjee, S., Chakraborty, K., Moitra, S., Bhattacharyya, A. (2017). Role of Proteases in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. In: Chakraborti, S., Dhalla, N. (eds) Pathophysiological Aspects of Proteases. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6141-7_22

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