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Gastric Pathology and Metalloproteinases

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Book cover Pathophysiological Aspects of Proteases

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Abstract

The spectrum of gastric pathologies involves heterogeneity with respect to biochemical mechanisms and clinical outcome and is globally common. Each year, 5–6 million people worldwide are affected by gastric ulcer, gastric cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases, and mortality rate being >50% shows steep increase in incidence. Hence, understanding the underlying pathogenesis and better therapeutic strategies remain the major challenges in gastroenterology field. Current knowledge of gastric pathology reveals that extracellular proteases vastly influence functional irregularities of cells along with their responses to microenvironment. Based on studies on metalloproteinases and their inhibitors, it is well accepted about their important roles in physiological developmental processes as well as pathological conditions. From past several years of extensive research on matrix, metalloproteinases (MMPs) establish their critical role in several cellular functions including proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. MMPs are a family of “molecular scissors” with ambivalent actions and ability to cleave extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that in turn facilitate tissue remodelling. Approximately, 27 subtypes of MMPs are there having mutual interaction among each of them in gastrointestinal disorders. Functional overlap between the MMPs leads to non-specificity, which makes designing MMP inhibitors more difficult. Thus, specific MMP inhibitors would be promising therapeutic tool against inflammatory diseases including gastric diseases. This chapter illustrates the new insights into mechanism of MMP regulation in gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders encompassing clinical trials for MMP inhibitors and new therapeutic strategies by targeting specific MMP(s) to control gastrointestinal pathologies.

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Acknowledgements

The financial assistance from CSIR network projects HUM (BSC 0119) and INDEPTH (BSC 0111) is thankfully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India

    Snehasikta Swarnakar, Anirban Roy, Satyabrata Ghosh & Rajib Majumder

  2. Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, 700032, India

    Sandip Paul

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  1. Snehasikta Swarnakar
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Correspondence to Snehasikta Swarnakar .

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India

    Sajal Chakraborti

  2. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Swarnakar, S., Roy, A., Ghosh, S., Majumder, R., Paul, S. (2017). Gastric Pathology and Metalloproteinases. In: Chakraborti, S., Dhalla, N. (eds) Pathophysiological Aspects of Proteases. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6141-7_19

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