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Pathophysiological Aspects of Proteases pp 423–488Cite as

Caspases: Regulatory Mechanisms and Their Implications in Pathogenesis and Therapeutics

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Abstract

Caspases (cysteine-aspartic proteases) belong to a family of endoproteases that regulate the cellular networks governing distinct physiological functions, which mainly include apoptotic cell death and inflammation. Few decades of research have generated a plethora of information on human caspases, their homologues, substrates and role in apoptosis. Programmed cell death (aka apoptosis) is an energy-dependent natural physiological process that is adapted by multicellular organisms for maintenance of tissue homeostasis. It involves a complex network of cellular proteases primarily caspases, which regulate selective removal of ageing and unwanted cells, thereby maintaining a precise balance between cell survival and death. Disruption of this stasis often leads to various pathophysiological conditions including inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. Thus, being promoter of apoptosis, several caspases are prime targets of numerous research endeavours that aim to encounter and impede the advancement of these diseases. The main objective of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive overview of the structural and mechanistic aspects of caspases as well as the pathways involved in their activation and regulation. Besides, it also elaborates on the role of this protease family in different diseases and the current therapeutic strategies that are being devised to modulate their functions with desired characteristics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Integrated Biophysics and Structural Biology Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, 410210, Maharashtra, India

    Aasna L. Parui & Kakoli Bose

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  1. Aasna L. Parui
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  2. Kakoli Bose
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Correspondence to Kakoli Bose .

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India

    Sajal Chakraborti

  2. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Parui, A.L., Bose, K. (2017). Caspases: Regulatory Mechanisms and Their Implications in Pathogenesis and Therapeutics. In: Chakraborti, S., Dhalla, N. (eds) Pathophysiological Aspects of Proteases. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6141-7_18

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