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Stem Cell Culture on Polymer Hydrogels

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Hydrogels

Part of the book series: Gels Horizons: From Science to Smart Materials ((GHFSSM))

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Abstract

The fate of stem cell differentiation is guided by several different factors of the stem cell microenvironment, such as cell culture biomaterial elasticity (physical cues) and cell–biomaterial interactions (biological cues). Mimicking the stem cell microenvironment using polymer hydrogels with optimal elasticities is an excellent strategy for stem cell expansion and differentiation. This chapter describes poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels grafted with several nanosegments that are designed for the culture and differentiation of human hematopoietic and progenitor cells (hHSPCs), human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs), and human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). The elasticity of the cell culture hydrogels can regulate stem cell adhesion overall, as well as cell phenotype, focal adhesions, and morphology, especially in 2-D culture conditions. The mechano-sensing of cell culture biomaterials by stem cells is typically regulated by integrin-mediated focal adhesion signaling. PVA hydrogels having a storage modulus (E′) of 12–30 kPa were found to be efficient materials for ex vivo hHSPC expansion. We also developed PVA hydrogels grafted with oligopeptides derived from vitronectin (PVA-oligoVN hydrogels), which can be produced to have a variety of stiffnesses, for the xeno-free culture of hPSCs. The ideal stiffness of the PVA-oligoVN hydrogels for hPSC culture was found to be 25.3 kPa. A high concentration of oligoVN (500–1500 µg/mL) should be used to prepare the PVA-oligoVN hydrogels to achieve a sufficient oligoVN surface density to maintain hPSC pluripotency. Optimized stiffness (physical cues) and cell-binding moiety surface density (biological cues) are the key factors for designing hydrogel-based cell culture materials for supporting hPSC pluripotency in xeno-free culture conditions.

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Acknowledgements

This research was partially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, under grant number 104-2221-E-008-107-MY3. This work was also supported by the LandSeed Hospital project (NCU-LSH-105-A-001) and the Cathay General Hospital Project (105CGH-NCU-A3). A Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (15K06591) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan is also acknowledged. The Deanship of Scientific Research, College of Science Research Centre, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, is also acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, 300 Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan

    Akon Higuchi & Hsing-Fen Li

  2. Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan

    Akon Higuchi

  3. Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Akon Higuchi, Abdullah A. Alarfaj & Murugan A. Munusamy

  4. Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universities Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    S. Suresh Kumar

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  1. Akon Higuchi
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  4. Abdullah A. Alarfaj
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  5. Murugan A. Munusamy
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Correspondence to Akon Higuchi .

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  1. Faculty in Manufacturing, Enhanced Composites and Structures Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK

    Vijay Kumar Thakur

  2. Division of Chemistry, Government Degree College Bhoranj, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Manju Kumari Thakur

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Higuchi, A., Li, HF., Suresh Kumar, S., Alarfaj, A.A., Munusamy, M.A. (2018). Stem Cell Culture on Polymer Hydrogels. In: Thakur, V., Thakur, M. (eds) Hydrogels. Gels Horizons: From Science to Smart Materials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6077-9_14

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