Abstract
The crust of the earth is about 30–70-km-thick form of the outer layer of the planet in which all rocks and minerals are found. Beneath the crystal layer is the zone known as the Mohorovičić discontinuity , which is followed by heavy rocks of a thickness of 3000 km. This is followed by a 1800-km-thick outer core of iron and nickel in a hot semi-plastic condition, which in turn is followed down to the centre by an inner core of 1000 km thickness.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Further Readings
Amaud Gerken JCD (1989) Foundation of exploration geophysics, Elsevier, Amsterdam, p 668
Billing MP (1972) Structural geology, EE edition. p 376
De Geoffroy JG, Wignall TK (1985) Designing Optimal Strategy for Mineral Exploration, Plenum Press, New York, p 364
Gass IG, Smith PJ, Wilson RCL (1979) Understanding the earth, ELBS, p 383
Ghosh SK (1993) Structural geology. Pergaman Press, p 376
Guilbert JM, Park CF (1985) The geology of ore deposits. WH Freeman, New York, p 985
Harris DP (1984) Mineral resources appraisal. Oxford University Press, Oxford, p 445
Kearey P, Vine FJ (1992) Global tectonics, Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, p 302
Klein C, Hurbut CS (1985) Manual of mineralogy (after J.D. Dana), 20th edn. Wiley, New York, p 596
Krauskopf KD (1967) Introduction to geochemistry. McGraw Hill, NY, p 721
Levinson (1974) Introduction to exploration geo-chemistry. Allied Publication (with 2nd ed. 1980 supplement), p 924
Marjoribanks R (2010) Geological methods in mineral exploration and mining. Springer, Berlin, p 333
Morse JG (2013) Nuclear methods and mineral exploration and production. Elsevier, Amsterdam, p 280
National Research Council of the USA (1981) Mineral resources: genetic understanding for practical application studies in geophysics, 119 p
Rankama K, Sahama TG (1950) Geochemistry. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, p 637
Rose AW, Hawkes HE, Webb JS (1979) Geo-chemistry in mineral exploration. Academic Press, New York, p 659
Rose A, Hawkes HE, Webb JS (1983) Geochemistry in mineral exploration. Academic Press, New York, p 657
Turner FJ, Verhoogen J (1960) Igneous and metamorphic petrology. Allied Pacific, p 694
Wellmer FW (1989) Economic evaluations in exploration. Springer, Berlin, p 163
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 SpringerNature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Roonwal, G.S. (2018). Composition of the Earth and Mineral Resources. In: Mineral Exploration: Practical Application. Springer Geology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5604-8_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5604-8_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-5603-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-5604-8
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)