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Long-Term External Forcing and Limnogeomorphology

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Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems

Part of the book series: Environmental Earth Sciences ((EESCI))

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Abstract

The source of external forces on the earth surface is solar activity. In the short time scale, direct solar activity may be more related to external forcing, whereas solar radiation (insolation) is essential in the long time scale. Galaxy cosmic ray was addressed in the recent discussions on the effect of solar activity on climate. The Milankovitch forcing have been also discussed with the long-term climatic changes related to landform changes. Long-term external forcing (Milankovitch cycles) has been recorded in long lacustrine sediments of Lake Baikal and Lake Biwa, showing different responses to the forcing due to the environmental conditions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan

    Kenji Kashiwaya

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  1. Kenji Kashiwaya
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Correspondence to Kenji Kashiwaya .

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Kashiwaya, K. (2017). Long-Term External Forcing and Limnogeomorphology. In: Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems. Environmental Earth Sciences. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5110-4_9

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