History

Abstract

In this chapter, sample activities based on modern method and techniques towards history education have been developed. The activities aiming the students to participate actively the lesson in the learning process have diversified as a topic, teacher and student-centered. In these activities, appropriate steps in accord with collaborative learning complete learning, computer-based learning, project-based learning and 5E learning models have been followed. The sample activities in the chapter have been designed as a guide for teachers and the other practitioners and in the way of being able to be modified for different history topics.

Glossary

The Crusades

The raids organized by the European Catholic Christians on the territory of the Middle East between the 1096–1272 years.

Renaissance

The Renaissance is a period in Europe, from the 14th to the 17th century, considered the bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history.

Reform

Reform means the improvement or amendment of what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory, etc.

Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.

The Cold War

The Cold War was a state of political and military tension after World War II between powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies, and others) and powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its allies in the Warsaw Pact).

Historical empathy

In the historical context, the concept of empathy is much more than just seeing a person, idea or situation through the eyes of another, but rather is a much deeper understanding of the circumstances and concepts surrounding the event.

Revolution

A revolution is a fundamental change in political power or organizational structures that takes place in a relatively short period of time when the population rises in revolt against the current authorities.

Nationalism

Nationalism is a shared group feeling in the significance of a geographical and sometimes demographic region seeking independence for its culture and ethnicity that holds that group together.

Empire

An empire is defined as an aggregate of nations or people ruled over by an emperor or other powerful sovereign or government, usually a territory of greater extent than a kingdom.

Age of Enlightenment

The Enlightenment was a philosophical movement which dominated the world of ideas in Europe in the 18th century.

Geographical discoveries

The Age of Discovery is an informal and loosely defined European historical period from the 15th century to the 18th century, marking the time in which extensive overseas exploration emerged as a powerful factor in European culture.

Nation-state

A nation state is a type of state that conjoins the political entity of a state to the cultural entity of a nation.

Feudalism

Feudalism was a combination of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries.

Historical thinking

Many education resources define historical thinking as a set of reasoning skills that students of history should learn as a result of studying history.

Continent

A continent is one of the several very large landmasses on Earth.

War

It is a state of armed conflict between societies.

State

A state is a type of policy that is an organized political community living under a single system of government.

Country

A country is a region that is identified as a distinct entity in political geography.

First World War

It was a global war originating in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918.

Second World War

It was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier.

Glastnost

It’s meaning “publicity” in the sense “the state of being open to public knowledge” has been used in Russian at least since the end of the 18th century.

Perestroyka

It was a political movement for reformation within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union during the 1980s, widely associated with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost (meaning “openness”) policy reform.

USSR

She was a socialist state on the Eurasian continent that existed between 1922 and 1991.

The Iron Curtain

The term symbolized efforts by the Soviet Union to block itself and its satellite states from open contact with the West and non-soviet-controlled areas.

Determinism

Determinism is the philosophical position that for every event there exist conditions that could cause no other event.

Oral history

It is the collection and study of historical information about individuals, families, important events, or everyday life using audiotapes, videotapes, or transcriptions of planned interviews.

Positivism

Positivism is a philosophical theory stating that positive knowledge is based on natural phenomena and their properties and relations.

Historical novel

It is a literary genre in which the plot takes place in a setting located in the past.

Jerusalem

Jerusalem located on a plateau in the Judean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea, is one of the oldest cities in the world.

The Clash of Civilizations

It is a hypothesis that people’s cultural and religious identities will be the primary source of conflict in the post-Cold War world.

Balkans

The Balkan Peninsula and the Balkans is a peninsula and a cultural area in Southeast Europe with different and disputed borders.

Peace

Peace occurs between heterogeneous social groups and is characterized by a lack of conflict and freedom from fear of violence.

Treaty

A treaty is an agreement under international law entered into by actors in international law, namely sovereign states and international organizations.

Communism

It is a social, political, and economic ideology and movement whose ultimate goal is the establishment of the communist society.

Capitalism

It is an economic system based on private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit.

Ideology

It is a collection of doctrines or beliefs shared by members of a group. It can be described as a set of conscious and unconscious ideas which make up one’s beliefs, goals, expectations, and motivations.

Colonialism

Colonialism is the establishment of a colony in one territory by a political power from another territory, and the subsequent maintenance, expansion, and exploitation of that colony.