Abstract
Aqua-Sim is a simulator built on top of NS-S, is designed for Underwater Sensor Networks(UWSNs). It can be used to simulate acoustic attenuation signal and packet collision in UWSNs. Aqua-Sim supports three-dimensional deployment that doesn’t exist in the simulators developed for terrestrial wireless networks. Although this simulator doesn’t consider any signal modulation scheme. In this paper, we introduce the Bite Error Rate(BER) model of 16-QAM modulation scheme in Aqua-Sim. Also we consider the ambient noise resulting from different environmental noise sources such as turbulence, shipping, waves and thermal noise in 16-QAM BER formula. The consideration of such BER model instead of random bit error improve the reliability of routing protocols simulated in Aqua-Sim. That is shown in this paper through the simulations of Vector Based Void Avoidance routing protocol (VBF).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Yan, H., Shi, Z.J., Cui, J.-H.: Dbr: Depth-based routing for underwater sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the 7th International IFIP-TC6 Networking Conference on AdHoc and Sensor Networks, Wireless Networks, Next Generation Internet, NETWORKING’08, pp. 72–86. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg (2008)
Coutinho, R.W., Vieira, L.F., Loureiro, A.A.: Movement assisted-topology control and geographic routing protocol for underwater sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the 16th ACM International Conference on Modeling, Analysis; Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems, MSWiM’13, pp. 189–196. ACM, New York, NY, USA (2013)
Coutinho, R., Boukerche, A., Vieira, L., Loureiro, A.: Gedar: Geographic and opportunistic routing protocol with depth adjustment for mobile underwater sensor networks. In: 2014 IEEE International Conference onCommunications (ICC), pp. 251–256, June 2014
Noh, Y., Lee, U., Wang, P., Choi, B.S.C., Gerla, M.: Vapr: Void-aware pressure routing for underwater sensor networks. IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput. 12, 895–908 (2013). May
Vasilescu, I., Kotay, K., Rus, D., Dunbabin, M., Corke, P.: Data collection, storage, and retrieval with an underwater sensor network. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems, SenSys’05, pp. 154–165. ACM, New York, NY, USA (2005)
Stojanovic, M.: On the relationship between capacity and distance in an underwater acoustic communication channel. In: Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Workshop on Underwater Networks, WUWNet’06, pp. 41–47. ACM, New York, NY, USA (2006)
Domingo, M.C.: Overview of channel models for underwater wireless communication networks. Phys. Commun. 1, 163–182, Sept 2008
Akyildiz, I.F., Pompili, D., Melodia, T.: State of the art in protocol research for underwater acoustic sensor networks. SIGMOBILE Mob. Comput. Commun. Rev. 11, 11–22 (2007). Oct
Akyildiz, I.F., Pompili, D., Melodia, T.: Challenges for efficient communication in underwater acoustic sensor networks. SIGBED Rev. 1, 3–8 (2004). July
Jouhari, M., Ibrahimi, K., Benattou., M.: Topology control through depth adjustment and transmission power control for uwsn routing protocols. In: The Proceedings of the International Conference on Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications (IEEE WINCOM15), Oct 2015
Xie, P., Zhou, Z., Peng, Z., Yan, H., Hu, T., Cui, J.H., Shi, Z., Fei, Y., Zhou, S.: Aqua-sim: An ns-2 based simulator for underwater sensor networks. In: OCEANS2009, MTS/IEEE Biloxi—Marine Technology for Our Future: Global and Local Challenges, pp. 1–7, Oct 2009
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore
About this paper
Cite this paper
Jouhari, M., Ibrahimi, K., Benattou, M. (2017). Implementation of Bit Error Rate Model of 16-QAM in Aqua-Sim Simulator for Underwater Sensor Networks. In: El-Azouzi, R., Menasche, D.S., Sabir, E., De Pellegrini, F., Benjillali, M. (eds) Advances in Ubiquitous Networking 2. UNet 2016. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 397. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1627-1_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1627-1_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-1626-4
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-1627-1
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)