Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Basics of Zeolites

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Fly Ash Zeolites

Part of the book series: Advanced Structured Materials ((STRUCTMAT,volume 78))

Abstract

Tectosilicates have been commonly established as zeolites , which are found in nature as well as synthesized artificially. Depending upon the type of source (read raw) materials used and the method(s) of synthesis adopted, properties of the zeolites would vary and hence their application as adsorbents could be different. Keeping this in view, an in-depth description of the zeolites, their types and properties are presented in the following.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Scott, J., Guang, D., Naeramitmarnsuk, K., Thabuot, M., Amal, R.: Zeolite synthesis from coal fly ash for the removal of lead ions from aqueous solution. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 77, 63–69 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Zeolites other than erionite. IARC Monograph. http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol68/mono68-11.pdf (1997). Accessed 04 Sept 2015

  3. Rayalu, S., Meshram, S.U., Hasan, M.Z.: Highly crystalline faujasitic zeolites from fly ash. J. Hazard. Mater. B77, 123–131 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Murayama, N., Yamamoto, H., Shibata, J.: Mechanism of zeolite synthesis from coal fly ash by alkali hydrothermal reaction. Inter. J. Miner. Process. 64, 1–17 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Scott, M.A., Kathleen, A.C., Dutta, P.K.: Handbook of zeolite science and technology. CRC Press, New York (2003). ISBN 0-8247-4020-3

    Google Scholar 

  6. Elliot, A.D., Zhang, D.K.: Controlled release fertilizers, a value added product produced from fly ash. Cooperative research Centre for coal in sustainable development, Centre for fuels and energy, Curtin University of Technology, Australia. http://www.flyash.info/2005/112ell.pdf (2005). Accessed 04 Sept 2015

  7. Mineralogy Database. http://www.webmineral.com. Accessed 04 Sept 2015

  8. Jha, B., Singh, D.N.: A review on synthesis, characterization and industrial application of fly ash zeolites. J. Mater. Edu. 33(1–2), 65–132 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Jha, B., Singh, D.N.: Zeolitization characteristics of a fly ash from wet- and dry- disposal systems. Acta. Geotech. Slov. 2, 63–71 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Economics of Zeolites. Reports on metals & minerals. ISBN-13: 978-0862149727. Roskill Information Services Ltd. (1988). Accessed 10 September 2014

    Google Scholar 

  11. Qiu, L., Murashov, V., White, M.A.: Zeolite 4A: heat capacity and thermodynamic properties. Solid State Sci. 2, 841–846 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Database of Zeolites Structures. http://www.iza-structure.org. Accessed 22 June 2014

  13. Gattardi, G.: Crystal chemistry of natural zeolites. Pure Appl. Chem. 58, 343–349 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  14. The Mineral Group Zeolite. http://www.minerals-n-more.com. Accessed 10 July 2013

  15. Zeolites. http://www.encyclopedia.com. Accessed 20 June 2012

  16. Shigemoto, N., Hayashi, H.: Selective formation of Na-X zeolite from coal fly ash by fusion with sodium hydroxide prior to hydrothermal reaction. J. Mater. Sci. 28, 4781–4786 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Berkgaut, V., Singer, A.: High capacity cation exchanger by hydrothermal zeolitization of coal fly ash. App. Clay. Sci. 10, 369–378 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kim, W., Seung, H., Ahn, B.J.: Synthesis of Na-P1 zeolite from coal fly ash. J. Indus. Eng. Chem. 3(3), 185–190 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ma, W., Brown, P.W., Komarneni, S.: Characterization and cation exchange properties of zeolites synthesized from fly ashes. J. Mater. Res. 13(1), 3–7 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Hollman, G.G., Steenbruggen, G., Janssen, J.M.: A two-step process for the synthesis of zeolites from coal fly ash. Fuel 78, 1225–1230 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Nugteren, H.W., Moreno, N., Sebastia, E., Querol, X.: Determination of the available Si and Al from coal fly ashes under alkaline conditions with the aim of synthesizing zeolites products. International Ash Utilization Symposium. Centre for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky. Paper No. 71 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Singh, D.N., Kolay, P.K.: Simulation of ash water interaction and its influence on ash characteristics. Prog. Energ. Combus. Sci. 28, 267–299 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Chung, S.H., Kim, S.S., Nam, Y.M., Kim, S.M., Lee, B.J.: Synthesis and application of fly ash derived zeolites for pyrolysis of polyolefins. J. Indus. Eng. Chem. 9(2), 181–187 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Adamczyk, Z., Bialecka, B.: Hydrothermal synthesis of zeolites from polish coal fly ash. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 14(6), 713–719 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Inada, M., Eguchi, Y., Enomoto, N., Hojo, J.: Synthesis of zeolite from coal fly ashes with different silica-alumina composition. Fuel 84, 299–304 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Inada, M., Tsujimoto, H., Eguchi, Y., Enomoto, N., Hojo, J.: Microwave-assisted zeolite synthesis from coal fly ash in hydrothermal Process. Fuel 84, 1482–1486 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Wu, D., Zhang, B., Yan, L., Kong, H., Wang, X.: Effect of some additives on synthesis of zeolite from coal fly ash. Inter. J. Miner. Process. 80(2–4), 266–272 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Sulaiman, S.K.: Preparation of synthetic zeolites from coal fly ash. Solid. State. Sci. Technol. 16(1), 107–113 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Fansuri, H., Pritchard, D., Zhang, D.: Manufacture of low-grade zeolites from fly ash for fertilizer applications. QCAT Technology Transfer Centre, Technology Court, Pullenvale Qld 4069. Australia (2008). Accessed 25 Jan 2009

    Google Scholar 

  30. Majchrzak, K.I., Nowak, W.: Application of model-free kinetics to the study of dehydration of fly ash-based zeolites. Thermochim. Acta 413, 23–29 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Somerset, V.S., Petrik, L.F., White, R., Klinka, M.J., Key, D., Iwuoha, E.I.: Alkaline hydrothermal zeolites synthesized from high SiO2 and Al2O3 co-disposal fly ash filtrates. Fuel 84, 2324–2329 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Wang, H., Pinnavaia, J.: MFI zeolite with small and uniform intracrystal mesopores. Angewandte. Chemie. Inter. (Ed) 45, 7603–7606 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Wang, J.: Thermodynamic dehydration and hydration in Natrolite and Analcyme. A thesis presented to the graduate school of the University of Florida in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science, University of Florida (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Ueda, S., Murata, H., Koizumi, M., Nishimura, H.: Crystallization of mordenite from aqueous solutions. Am. Miner. 65, 1012–1019 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Kumar, P., Mal, N., Oumi, Y., Yamanaa, K., Sanoc, T.: Mesoporous materials prepared using coal fly ash as the silicon and aluminium source. J. Mater. Chem. 11, 3285–3290 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Molina, A., Poole, C.: A comparative study using two methods to produce zeolites from fly ash. Miner. Eng. 17, 167–173 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Moreno, N., Alvarez, A.E., Garcı´a-Sa´nchez, A., Cam, J., Ayora, C., Simon, M.: Immobilization of heavy metals in polluted soils by the addition of zeolitic material synthesized from coal fly ash. Chemosphere 62, 171–180 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Querol, X., Moreno, N., Alastuey, A., Juan, R., Andres, J.M., Lopez-Soler, A., Ayora, C., Medinaceli, A., Valero, A.: Synthesis of high ion exchange zeolites from coal fly ash. Geologica. Acta. 5(1), 49–57 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Tanaka, H., Fujii, A., Fujimoto, S., Tanaka, Y.: Microwave-assisted two-step process for the synthesis of a single-phase Na-A zeolite from coal fly ash. Adv. Powder Technol. 19, 83–94 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Davis, M.E., Lobo, R.F.: Zeolite and molecular sieve synthesis. J. Mater. Chem. 4, 756–768 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Beving, D.E., O’Neill, C.R., Yan, Y.: Hydrophilic and anti-microbial low silica zeolite LTL and high silica zeolite MFI hybrid coatings on aluminium alloys. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 108, 77–85 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Zeng, R., Umana, J.C., Querol, X., Lopez, S.A., Plana, F., Zhuang, X.: Zeolite synthesis from a high Si-Al fly ash from east China. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 77, 267–273 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Rayalu, S.S., Bansiwal, A.K., Meshram, S.U., Labhsetwar, N., Devotta, S.: Fly ash based zeolite analogues: versatile materials for energy and environment conservation. Catalysis. Surveys. Asia. 10(2), 74–88 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Korkuna, O., Leboda, R., Skubiszewska, Z.J., Vrublevs’ka, T., Gun’ko, V.M., Ryczkowski, J.: Structural and physicochemical properties of natural zeolites: clinoptilolite and mordenite. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 87, 243–254 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Jakubinek, M.B., Zhan, B.Z., White, M.A.: Temperature dependent thermal conductivity of powdered zeolite NaX. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 103, 108 (2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2007.01.040

    Google Scholar 

  46. Mishra, T., Tiwari, S.K.: Studies on sorption properties of zeolite derived from Indian fly ash. J. Hazard. Mater. B137, 299–303 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Park, M., Choi, C.L., Lim, W.T., Kim, M.C., Choi, J., Heo, N.H.: Molten-salt method for the synthesis of zeolitic materials I; Zeolite formation in alkaline molten-salt system. Micropor Mesopor Mater 37, 81–89 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Ojha, K., Pradhan, N.C., Samanta, A.N.: Zeolite from fly ash synthesis and characterization. Bull. Mater. Sci. 27(6), 555–564 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Tanaka, H., Fujii, A.: Effect of stirring on the dissolution of coal fly ash and synthesis of pure-form Na-A and -X zeolites by two-step process. Adv. Powder Technol. 20, 473–479 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Kolay, P.K., Singh, D.N.: Physical, chemical, mineralogical and thermal properties of cenospheres from a ash lagoon. Cem. Conc. Res. 31(4), 539–542 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Querol, X., Moreno, N., Uman, J.C., Juan, R., Hernandez, S., Fernandez, P.C., Ayora, C., Janssen, M., Garcıa, J.M.J., Linares, S.A., Cazorla, A.D.: Application of zeolitic material synthesized from fly ash to the decontamination of waste water and flue gas. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 77, 292–298 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Querol, X., Moreno, N., Uman, J.C., Alastuey, A., Hernandez. E., Lopez-Soler, A., Plana, F.: Synthesis of zeolites from coal fly ash: an overview. Inter. J. Coal. Geol. 50, 413–423 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  53. Lee, S.H., Sakai, Daimon, M., Wang, W.K.: Characterization of fly ash directly collected from electrostatic precipitator. Cem. Conc. Res. 29, 1791–1797 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  54. Wang, D.J., Tang, Y., Dong, A.G., Zhang, Y.H., Wang, Y.J.: Hollow cancrinite zeolite spheres in situ transformed from fly ash cenosphere. Chin. Chem. Lett. 14(12), 1299–1302 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  55. Sand, L.B.: Zeolite synthesis and crystallization. Pure Appl. Chem. 52, 2105–2113 (1980)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Rios, C.A.R., Williams, C.D., Roberts, C.L.: A comparative study of two methods for the synthesis of fly ash-based sodium and potassium type zeolites. Fuel 88, 1403–1416 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Fazio, A.D., Brotzu, P., Ghiara, M.R., Fercia, M.L., Lonis, R., Sau, A.: Hydrothermal treatment at low temperature of Sardinian clinoptilolite bearing ignimbrites for increasing cation exchange capacity. Periodico Di Mineralogia. 77, 79–91 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  58. Derkowski, A., Franus, W., Waniak-Nowicka, H., Czimerova, A.: Textural properties vs. CEC and EGME retention of Na-X zeolite prepared from fly ash at room temperature. Inter. J. Miner. Process. 82, 57–68 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  59. Mortier, W.J.: Zeolite electronegativity related to physicochemical properties. J. Catalysis. 55, 138–145 (1978)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Fukui, K., Nishimoto, T., Takiguchi, M., Yoshida, H.: Effects of NaOH concentration on zeolite synthesis from fly ash with a hydrothermal treatment method. KONA 24, 183–191 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Moreno, N., Querol, X., Ayora, C., Alastuey, A., Fernandez, P.C., Janssen, J.M.: Potential environmental applications of pure zeolitic material synthesized from fly ash. J. Environ. Eng. 127(11), 994–1002 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Jovanovic, V., Dondur, V., Damjonovic, L., Zakrzewska, J., Tomasevic, C.M.: Improved materials for environmental application: surfactant-modified zeolites. Mater. Sci. Forum 518, 223–228 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. B. B. A. Government Polytechnic, Karad (D.P.), Dadra and Nagar Haveli, India

    Bhagwanjee Jha

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Devendra Narain Singh

Authors
  1. Bhagwanjee Jha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Devendra Narain Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bhagwanjee Jha .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Jha, B., Singh, D.N. (2016). Basics of Zeolites. In: Fly Ash Zeolites. Advanced Structured Materials, vol 78. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1404-8_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation