Abstract
In this work, the characterisation of resin catalysts and performance of silica membrane with single carrier gases was analysed to determine the flow mechanism of the gases at the gauge pressure range of 0.01–1.00 bar and a temperature of 140 °C. The resin catalyst used for the characterisation process was amberlyst 16 resin. The gas permeance was found to decrease with respect to the gauge pressure in the order N2 > Ar > He > CO2 confirming non-Knudsen mechanism. FTIR-ATR was used for the structural identification of the component with the strongest adsorption strength on the surface of the resin catalysts. The resin catalysts used for esterification process was also characterized using liquid N2 adsorption measured at 77 K using an automated adsorption instrument. The BET (16.994 m2/g) results of the N2 adsorption isotherm for the resin catalysts showed a type IV adsorption isotherm with hysteresis. The result of the FTIR analysis of the resin catalysts showed that the band at 1728 cm−1 correspond to C–O stretching with strong adsorption bond while the band at 2986 cm−1 representing O–H corresponds to stretching vibration bond suggesting ethanol and lactic acid as the adsorption components on the surface of the resin catalysts.
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Abbreviations
- A:
-
Surface area of the membrane (m2)
- J:
-
Flux (mol s−1 m−2)
- Qi :
-
Permeance (mol m−2 s−1 Pa−1)
- M:
-
Gas molecular weight (g/mol)
- Q:
-
Gas flow rate (mol s−1)
- T:
-
Temperature (Kelvin)
- \( \Delta P \) :
-
Transmembrane pressure drop (bar)
- Å:
-
Angstrom
- µ:
-
Viscosity (Pa−1 s)
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Acknowledgements
The conference was sponsored by IDEAS Research Institute, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom. The Aurthors of this paper acknowledge the Center for Process Integration and Membrane Technology at RGU for providing the research infrastructure.
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Edidiong, O., Habiba, S., Edward, G. (2016). Novel Study of Catalysts and Membrane in Esterification Reaction. In: Ao, Si., Yang, GC., Gelman, L. (eds) Transactions on Engineering Technologies. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1088-0_25
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1088-0_25
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