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Tissue Engineering and Artificial Organ

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Basic and Applied Aspects of Biotechnology

Abstract

Tissue engineering is an exciting technique, which has the potential to create tissues and organs de novo. Tissue engineering was defined in 1988 as “application of the principles and methods of engineering and life sciences toward fundamental understanding of structure–function relationship in normal and pathological mammalian tissues and the development of biological substitutes for the repair or regeneration of tissue or organ function.” It was later summarized as “an interdisciplinary field which involves fundamentals of life sciences, medical sciences, and principles of material sciences, which can provide a functional substitute for damaged or diseased organ restoring, maintaining, or improving tissue function or a whole organ.” The existence of tissue engineering dates to the sixteenth century, when complex skin flaps were used to replace the nose. Initially, the field was recognized as a subfield of biomaterials. Most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications; in practice, the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, and so on). It has the potential to produce a supply of immunologically tolerant “artificial” organ and tissue substitutes that can grow in the patient.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, UP, India

    Varsha Gupta

  2. George Washington University, Washington DC, USA

    Manjistha Sengupta

  3. Orthopaedics Unit, Community Health Centre, Kanpur, UP, India

    Jaya Prakash

  4. School of Life sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India

    Baishnab Charan Tripathy

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  1. Varsha Gupta
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  2. Manjistha Sengupta
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  3. Jaya Prakash
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  4. Baishnab Charan Tripathy
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Gupta, V., Sengupta, M., Prakash, J., Tripathy, B.C. (2017). Tissue Engineering and Artificial Organ. In: Basic and Applied Aspects of Biotechnology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0875-7_21

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