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The Attribute of Water

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Chemical Physics ((CHEMICAL,volume 113))

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Abstract

Furnished with the rules established for O:H–O bond relaxation and polarization, one can readily gain consistent insight into the common mechanism behind the unusual behavior of water and ice under excitations by multiple fields such as isotope addition, charge induction, electromagnetic radiation, ac field electrification. The O:H–O relaxation and polarization promises the resolution to general situations of X:H–Y interaction, negative thermal expansion, dielectric relaxation, and clarify the quasisolidity of the “polywater”. Dominated by the asymmetrical, short-range, and coupled interactions, the O:H–O bond responds to excitation in a manner of long-range order.

• Multiple stimuli relax the O:H–O bond in a superposition manner.

• Charge induction and energy absorption proceed in a long-range order.

• O:H–O bond cooperativity is general to systems with nonbonding lone pairs being involved.

• Discriminative specific heats due to the asymmetrical, coupled, short-range interactions stem the negative thermal expansion of other substances.

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  1. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore

    Chang Q. Sun

  2. Xiangtan University, Changsha, China

    Yi Sun

  3. China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China

    Yi Sun

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Sun, C.Q., Sun, Y. (2016). Miscellaneous Issues. In: The Attribute of Water. Springer Series in Chemical Physics, vol 113. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0180-2_16

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