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NL ARMS Netherlands Annual Review of Military Studies 2019 pp 181–193Cite as

The Impact of Educational Characteristics on the Development of Cadets from Novices to Experts

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Abstract

The purpose of this chapter is to illustrate how teachers affect the development of cadets from novices to experts. In pursuit of this purpose, this chapter addresses the following question: How can teachers contribute to the development of cadets from novices to experts, within five predetermined characteristics? The five characteristics that have been distinguished are as follows: (1) individual and collective learning, (2) military and academic education, (3) the role of teachers, (4) professional identity and (5) learning strategies. Findings show that these characteristics are all related to the development of cadets from novices to experts and contain several activities teachers need to implement in the educational program, so they can stimulate the development from novices to experts of cadets. The most important activities teachers need to implement, according to these five predetermined characteristics, are stimulating the reflective ability of cadets, providing enough time to practice knowledge and skills and differentiating between individual and collective learning needs.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    This means: cadets of the army, the air force, the navy and the military police.

  2. 2.

    Dreyfus and Dreyfus 1986, pp. 16–52; Dreyfus and Dreyfus 1996, pp. 29–32.

  3. 3.

    Dunphy and Williamson 2004, p. 107; Hinton 2013, pp. 1–16; Sookermany 2012, p. 590.

  4. 4.

    Dunphy and Williamson 2004, pp. 108–112; Shuell 1990, p. 537.

  5. 5.

    Dreyfus and Dreyfus 1986, pp. 16–52.

  6. 6.

    Chmiel and Loui 2004, p. 19; Dreyfus and Dreyfus 1986, pp. 16–52; Dreyfus 2004, p. 177; Dunphy and Williamson 2004, p. 110.

  7. 7.

    Fenwick 2008, pp. 4–6.

  8. 8.

    Kimmerle et al. 2015, p. 121.

  9. 9.

    Hedlund et al. 2015, p. 3.

  10. 10.

    Fenwick 2008, p. 6.

  11. 11.

    Hedlund et al. 2015, p. 3.

  12. 12.

    Currie and Kerrin 2004, pp. 11–16.

  13. 13.

    Edmondson 2002, pp. 257–263; Fenwick 2008, p. 6; Hedlund et al. 2015, p. 14.

  14. 14.

    Essens et al. 2009, pp. 295–305; Veestraeten et al. 2014, p. 77.

  15. 15.

    Kallenberg et al. 2014, pp. 46–55.

  16. 16.

    Vrieling et al. 2018, pp. 685–686; Vermunt and Verloop 1999, pp. 274–275.

  17. 17.

    Muhonen et al. 2018, p. 16; Vrieling et al. 2018, p. 692.

  18. 18.

    Hattie 2012, p. 2.

  19. 19.

    Vrieling et al. 2018, pp. 691–692.

  20. 20.

    Vermunt and Verloop 1999, pp. 274–275.

  21. 21.

    Kallenberg et al. 2014, pp. 139–176; Vrieling et al. 2018, pp. 690–694.

  22. 22.

    Hattie 2012, p. 2; Vrieling et al. 2018, p. 692.

  23. 23.

    Kallenberg et al. 2014, pp. 21–44; Vermunt and Verloop 1999, pp. 274–275.

  24. 24.

    Marcia 1966, p. 552.

  25. 25.

    Bachrach 2015, pp. 10–11.

  26. 26.

    Hoi Kok Siew and Hwee Ling Koh 2015, p. 4; Larsson et al. 2006, p. 74.

  27. 27.

    Larsson et al. 2006, p. 75; Marcia 1966, p. 552.

  28. 28.

    Larsson et al. 2006, p. 75.

  29. 29.

    Bartone et al. 2007, p. 501; Larsson et al. 2006, p. 77.

  30. 30.

    Van Keulen 2016, pp. 44–47.

  31. 31.

    De Boer et al. 2013, p. 9; De Smul et al. 2018, p. 215.

  32. 32.

    De Boer et al. 2013, p. 10; Vermunt and Verloop 1999, pp. 260–263.

  33. 33.

    Muhonen et al. 2018, p. 68.

  34. 34.

    Kallenberg et al. 2014, pp. 45–52; Vermunt and Verloop 1999, p. 268.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Netherlands Defence Academy, PO Box 90002, 4800 PA, Breda, The Netherlands

    Charlotte Annink & Nicole van Mook

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  1. Charlotte Annink
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  2. Nicole van Mook
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Correspondence to Charlotte Annink .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Military Sciences, Netherlands Defence Academy, Breda, The Netherlands

    Wim Klinkert

  2. Faculty of Military Sciences, Netherlands Defence Academy, Breda, The Netherlands

    Myriame Bollen

  3. Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Marenne Jansen

  4. Faculty of Military Sciences, Netherlands Defence Academy, Breda, The Netherlands

    Henk de Jong

  5. Faculty of Military Sciences, Netherlands Defence Academy, Breda, The Netherlands

    Eric-Hans Kramer

  6. Faculty of Military Sciences, Netherlands Defence Academy, Breda, The Netherlands

    Lisette Vos

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Annink, C., van Mook, N. (2019). The Impact of Educational Characteristics on the Development of Cadets from Novices to Experts. In: Klinkert, W., Bollen, M., Jansen, M., de Jong, H., Kramer, EH., Vos, L. (eds) NL ARMS Netherlands Annual Review of Military Studies 2019. NL ARMS. T.M.C. Asser Press, The Hague. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-315-3_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-315-3_11

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