Abstract
In order to cater to the needs of a competitive globalized market, and to assure educational efficiency and accountability, many countries have emphasized the development of generic skills in students.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
AERA. (2000). AERA position statement on high-stakes testing in pre-k-12 education, 7. Retrieved November 15, 2011, from: http://www.aera.net/AboutAERA/AERARulesPolicies/AERAPolicyStatements/PositionStatementonHighStakesTesting/tabid/11083/Default.aspx.
Alderson, J. C., & Wall, D. (1993). Does washback exist? Applied Linguistics, 14, 115–129.
Bachman, L. F., & Palmer, A. (1996). Language testing in practice: Designing and developing useful language tests. Oxford: University Press OUP.
Bailey, K. M. (1996). Working for washback: A review of the washback concept in language testing. Language Testing, 13(3), 257–279.
Braun, H. (2004). Reconsidering the impact of high-stakes testing. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 12(1), 1–43.
Cao, Z. (2005). The questions and answers of Chinese language curriculum reform in senior middle school. Modern Chinese, 1, 75–77.
Cheng, L. (1997). How does washback influence teaching? Implications for Hong Kong. Language and Education, 11, 38–54.
Cheng, L. (1998). The washback effect of public examination change on classroom teaching: An impact study of the 1996 Hong Kong certificate of education in English on the classroom teaching of English in Hong Kong secondary schools. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Cheng, L., Watanabe, Y. W., & Curtis, A. (2004). Washback in language testing: Research context and methods. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Cheng, L. (2008). Washback, impact and consequences. In N. H. Hornberger (Ed.) Encyclopedia of language and education (pp. 2479–2494). Boston, MA: Springer.
Choi, I. C. (2008). The impact of EFL testing on EFL education in Korea. Language Testing, 25(1), 39–62.
Deng, Z. (2011) Confucianism, modernization and Chinese pedagogy: An introduction. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 43(5), 561–568.
Dillon, J. T. (2009). The questions of curriculum. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 41(3), 343–359.
Ferman, I. (2004). The washback of an EFL national oral matriculation test to teaching and learning. In L. Y. Cheng, Y. W. Watanabe & A. Curtis (Eds.), Washback in language testing: Research context and methods (pp. 191–210). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Fredericksen, J. R., & Collins, A. (1989). A systems approach to educational testing. Educational Researcher, 18, 27–32.
Gosa, C. M. C. (2004). Investigating washback: A case study using student diaries. Unpublished PhD dissertation of University of Lancaster, Lancaster.
Gu, M. (2006(04)). An analysis of the impact of traditional Chinese culture on Chinese education. Frontiers of Education in China, 2, 169–190.
Hamilton, L. (2003). Assessment as a policy tool. Review of Research in Education, 27(1), 25–68.
Huang, F. (2004). Curriculum reform in contemporary china: Seven goals and six strategies. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 36(1), 101–115.
Huang, X., & Lee, J. C. K. (2009). Review and reflection on the senior middle school Chinese language curriculum standard in mainland China. Hong Kong Teachers’ Centre Journal, 8, 1–17.
Hughes, A. (1988(98)). Testing English for university study. London: Modern English Publication.
Jones, M. G., Jones, B., & Hargrove, T. Y. (2003). The unintended consequences of high-stakes testing. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishes.
Lee, J. C. K. (2000). Teacher receptivity to curriculum change in the implementation stage: The case of environmental education in Hong Kong. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 32(1), 95–115.
Ma, Y. P., & Tang, L. F. (2004). The investigation and reflection of the implementation of new curriculum reform. The Management of Primary and Secondary School, 1, 11–14.
McNamara, T. F., & Roever, C. (2006). Language testing: The social dimension. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Publication.
McNeil, L. M. (2000). Contradictions of school reform: Educational costs of standardized testing. New York: Routledge.
Messick, S. (1996). Validity and washback in language testing. Language Testing, 13, 241–256.
Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China (MOE). (2001). The outline of basic education curriculum reform (experimental version). Beijing: People’s Education Press.
Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China (MOE). (2003). The Chinese language curriculum standards in senior middle school(experimental version). Beijing: People’s Education Press.
Ministry of Education of the Peoples’ Republic of China. (2006, 2007, 2008, 2009). Whole country education the business development statistics official gazette. Retrieved November 24, 2011, from http://202.205.177.9/edoas/website18/level2.jsp?tablename=1068
Ministry of Education of the Peoples’ Republic of China. (2010). Whole country education the business development statistics official gazette.Retrieved November 24, 2011, from http://news.xinhuanet.com/edu/2011–07/06/c_121629066.htm
Mizutani, S. (2009). The mechanism of washback on teaching and learning. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Auckland, Auckland.
Nichols, S. L., & Berliner, D. C. (2005). The inevitable corruption of indicators and educators through high-stakes testing (No. EPSL-0503–101-EPRU). Tempe, AZ: Education Policy Studies Laboratory, Arizona State University. Retrieved November 21, 2010, from http://74.125.155.132/scholar?q=cache:VL2lBitCsGMJ:scholar.google.com/+the+inevitable+corruption+of+indicators%2B2005&hl=en&as_sdt=2000
Popham, W. J. (2009). Assessment literacy for teachers: Faddish or fundamental. Theory into Practice, 48(1), 4–11.
Qi, L. (2004). The intended washback effect of the national matriculation English test in China: Intentions and reality. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Qi, L. (2005). Stakeholders’ conflicting aims undermine the washback function of a high-stakes test. Language Testing, 22(2), 142–173.
Shohamy, E. G. (2001). The power of tests: A critical perspective on the uses of language tests. Harlow, England; New York: Longman.
Smith, M. L., & Rottenberg, C. (1991). Unintended consequences of external testing in elementary schools. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 10(4), 7–11.
Tsagari, D. (2009). The complexity of test washback: An empirical study. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
Tyler, R. W. (1949). Basic principles of curriculum and instruction. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Wall, D. (2005). The impact of high-stakes examinations on classroom teaching: A case study using insights from testing and innovation theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Publication.
Wang, J. (2006, September 30). Four advantages of designing the National College Entrance Examination by provincial education department. China Education Daily, A4.
Watanabe, Y. (1996). Does grammar translation come from the entrance examination? Preliminary findings from classroom-based research. Language Testing, 13(3), 318–333.
Watanabe, Y. (1997). Washback effects of the Japanese university entrance examination: Classroom-based research. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Lancaster, Lancaster.
Wen, R., Fang, Z., Lei, S., Chao, Z., Sun, S., Wang, T., Su, S., & Zheng, G. (2005). If the national college entrance examination could go with new curriculum reform in 2007: The discussion about “curriculum reform and the National College Entrance Examination on Chinese subject”. People’s Education, 10, 27–33.
Williamson, P., Bondy, E., Langley, L., & Mayne, D. (2005). Meeting the challenge of high-stakes testing while remaining child-centered: The representations of two urban teachers. Childhood Education, 81(4), 190–196.
Zhang, Q., & Zhang, X. (2008). The analyze of the four changes of the outline of the National College Entrance Examination in Chinese curriculum. Chinese Language Construction, 4, 64.
Zheng, G. (2003). Research of Chinese language curriculum reform in the new century. Beijing: Beijing Normal University Press.
Zhong, Q. (2006). Curriculum reform in China: Challenges and reflections. Frontiers of Education in China, 3, 370–382.
Zhong, Q., Zhang, H., & Cui, Y. (2001). For the revival of the Chinese nation, for the development of every student: The analysis of the outline of basic education curriculum reform. Shanghai: East China Normal University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Sense Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Xianhan, H., John, L.C. (2013). The Washback Effects of the National College Entrance Examination on the Curriculum Reform in Mainland China. In: Law, E.HF., Li, C. (eds) Curriculum Innovations in Changing Societies. SensePublishers, Rotterdam. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-359-1_23
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-359-1_23
Publisher Name: SensePublishers, Rotterdam
Online ISBN: 978-94-6209-359-1
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)