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Defense Against Biological Terrorism: Vaccines and Their Characterizations

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Toxic Chemical and Biological Agents

Abstract

This chapter presents an introduction to infective diseases and potential biological agents that could potentially be used for bioterrorism. Technical brief description of the possible treatments and preventions of these biothreats is presented with emphasis placed on the principles of immunological defenses, vaccination, and preparation of vaccines. In principle, various types of vaccines that are commercially used as “antibacterial or anticancer vaccines” can be produced using various types of antigenic carbohydrate haptens containing relevant epitopes. This review highlights the strategies used for the characterization of such synthetic neoglycoconjugate vaccines used as a means of protection against biothreats. A complete mass spectrometry-based strategy for validating the preparations of the neoglycoconjugate vaccine is presented.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. General Pathology, Department of Medicine, Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, Medical School and Biological Sciences School, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy

    Mauro Bologna & Ilaria Bologna

  2. Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada

    Abanoub Mikhael

  3. Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Science Branch, Special Projects, St John’s, NL, Canada

    Joseph H. Banoub

  4. Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada

    Joseph H. Banoub

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  1. Mauro Bologna
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  2. Abanoub Mikhael
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  3. Ilaria Bologna
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  4. Joseph H. Banoub
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Correspondence to Joseph H. Banoub .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy

    Giovanni Sindona

  2. Special Projects Science Branch, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John’s, NL, Canada

    Joseph H. Banoub

  3. Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nurture Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy

    Maria Luisa Di Gioia

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Bologna, M., Mikhael, A., Bologna, I., Banoub, J.H. (2020). Defense Against Biological Terrorism: Vaccines and Their Characterizations. In: Sindona, G., Banoub, J.H., Di Gioia, M.L. (eds) Toxic Chemical and Biological Agents. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A: Chemistry and Biology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2041-8_11

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