Abstract
The way how matter responds to an external stimulus can reflect a certain important aspect of its internal properties. In this chapter we introduce the static linear response theory that relates the response function〹 of the matter with the underlying fluctuation and correlation of the variable conjugate to the stimulus. Also we directly relate the correlation of density fluctuation to the configurational organization (structure factor) that is probed by scattering of quanta and radiations onto the matter, giving some prevalent examples. These relations are important to unravelling the structural order and correlation in condensed and complex materials on various length scales.
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Further Reading and References
P.M. Chaikin, T.C. Lubensky, Principles of Condensed Matter Physics (Cambridge University Press, 2006)
D. Andelman, Soft Condensed Matter Physics in Molecular and Cell Biology, ed. by W.C.K. Poon (Taylor and Francis, 2006)
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R.A. Crowther, Procedures for three-dimensional reconstruction of spherical viruses by Fourier synthesis from electron micrographs. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. B. 261, 221–230 (1971)
E.R. Weibel, What makes a good lung? Swiss Med. Wkly. 139(27–28) (2009)
J.B. Pesavento, J.A. Lawton, M.K. Estes, B.V.V. Prasad, The reversible condensation and expansion of the rotavirus genome. PNAS 98(4), 1381–1386 (2001)
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Sung, W. (2018). Responses, Fluctuations, Correlations and Scatterings. In: Statistical Physics for Biological Matter. Graduate Texts in Physics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1584-1_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1584-1_9
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