Abstract
The central carbon atom covalently bonded by amino, carboxyl, and R group in the structure is called the alpha carbon (Cα). The side chain R group varies in chemical composition, size, and interaction with water as reflected in their polarity. There are 20 standard amino acids used as common building blocks for peptides and proteins.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Arnér ESJ. Selenoproteins - what unique properties can arise with selenocysteine in place of cysteine? Experimental Cell Research, 2010, 316:1296–1303.
Brosnan J and Brosnan M. The sulfur-containing amino acids: an overview. Journal of Nutrition, 2006, 136 (6 Suppl): 1636S-1640S.21.
Curis E, Nicolis I, Moinard C, Osowska S, Zerrouk N, Bénazeth S and Cynober L. Almost all about citrulline in mammals. Amino Acids, 2005, 29(3):177–205.
Hao B, Zhao G, Kang P, Soares J, Ferguson T, Gallucci J, Krzycki J and Chan M. Reactivity and chemical synthesis of L-pyrrolysine — the 22nd genetically encoded amino acid. Chemistry & Biology, 2004, 11:1317–1324.
Jacob F and Monod J. Genetic regulatory mechanisms in the synthesis of proteins. Journal of Molecular Biology, 1961, 3:318–356.
Krzycki JA. The path of lysine to pyrrolysine. Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, 2013, 17:619–615.
Toda K. Induction and repression of enzymes in microbial culture. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 1981, 3:775–790.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Yoo, Y.J., Feng, Y., Kim, Y.H., Yagonia, C.F.J. (2017). Biosynthesis of Enzymes. In: Fundamentals of Enzyme Engineering. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1026-6_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1026-6_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-024-1024-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-024-1026-6
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)