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Applications of Paleoenvironmental Techniques in Estuarine Studies pp 9–44Cite as

Estuary Form and Function: Implications for Palaeoecological Studies

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Part of the book series: Developments in Paleoenvironmental Research ((DPER,volume 20))

Abstract

Estuaries are, by almost any definition, variable places. Palaeoecological studies attempt to reconstruct past conditions. The validity of reconstructions is dependent on assumptions about the generality of conclusions, commonly based on a small number of samples from a limited spatial area. This Chapter summarises the main geomorphic, biogeochemical and biological processes in estuaries and provides a conceptual framework for understanding the temporal and spatial variability in factors that may affect palaeoecological evidence. We suggest that the ultimate preservation of paleo-indicators within an estuary is governed by the interaction between environmental drivers, estuarine stressors, and biogeochemical/ecological processes. We recognise that these interactions vary on temporal scales from diurnal tidal cycles to millennia, and spatially from a few square metres to whole system and latitudinal scales. We present a series of models that allow palaeoecologists to better understand the environmental context of samples collected from estuaries and make informed assessments of whether, and under what circumstances, the common assumptions may be considered valid.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to thank all members of the Estuary and Catchments Science Team at the Office of Environment and Heritage for their participation in the research that has formed the foundations of this Chapter. The research has been supported by funding from Office of Environment and Heritage, Great Lakes Council, Wyong Council, Lake Macquarie Council, Australian Government (Caring for Our Country, Coastal Catchments Initiative) and OEH Estuary Management Fund. The manuscript has been improved by comments from Kaarina Weckström, Greg Skilbeck and two anonymous reviewers. Thanks to Kathryn Taffs for initially seeking our input into this subject.

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  1. Estuary and Catchment Science, Office of Environment and Heritage, 56 Goulburn St, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Peter Scanes, Angus Ferguson & Jaimie Potts

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  1. Peter Scanes
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  2. Angus Ferguson
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  3. Jaimie Potts
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Correspondence to Peter Scanes .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Glaciology and Climate, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Kaarina Weckström

  2. Institute of Geography and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    Krystyna M. Saunders

  3. Water Research Network, Faculty of Science and Technology, Federation University Australia, Mt Helen, Victoria, Australia

    Peter A. Gell

  4. School of Life Sciences, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia

    C. Gregory Skilbeck

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Scanes, P., Ferguson, A., Potts, J. (2017). Estuary Form and Function: Implications for Palaeoecological Studies. In: Weckström, K., Saunders, K., Gell, P., Skilbeck, C. (eds) Applications of Paleoenvironmental Techniques in Estuarine Studies. Developments in Paleoenvironmental Research, vol 20. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0990-1_2

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