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The Lower Paleolithic of Romania Revisited: New Evidence from the Site of Dealul Guran

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Paleoanthropology of the Balkans and Anatolia

Part of the book series: Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology ((VERT))

Abstract

Southeastern Europe represents a key area in investigating hominin dispersals during the Pleistocene. However, the understanding of these phenomena is hampered by the scarcity of data, especially for the Lower and Middle Pleistocene. The discoveries from Romania assigned to these periods (either credited as in situ or from disturbed contexts) are rather doubtful. After reviewing the state of the art, our paper presents the site of Dealul Guran, discovered in 2010 during a systematic survey carried out in the province of Dobrogea, southeastern Romania. The site is a collapsed rockshelter located on a limestone hill, very rich in flint nodules. Three archaeological layers were identified, and absolute ages indicate that the two oldest archaeological units correspond to an OIS 11 occupation of the site. The assemblages consist mostly of cortical flakes and there are many tested blocks from these units, likely reflecting flint quarrying activities.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary was at 1.8 ma when these discoveries were made.

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Acknowledgements

The LoDanS project was funded by Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig and was carried out in concordance with Romanian law and within the terms of the permits nos. 1/2011 and 107/2012 granted by the Ministry of Culture of Romania. The Romanian research collective was headed by Dr. Roxana Dobrescu (2010) and Dr. Vlad V. Zirra (2011, 2012). Tiberiu Tecar, from National Museum of Transylvanian History, Cluj provided prints. Professor A. Barnea (Institute of Archaeology “Vasile Parvan”) and Mariana Petrut (History Museum, Adamclisi) provided logistical assistance during the excavation season. We wish to thank the mayor of Peştera, Valentin Vrabie, the vice-mayor, Dorin Grosu as well as the people of the villages of Peştera and Adamclisi, who welcomed and helped us through the duration of the field seasons. Thanks to G. Heinz (Fachhochschule Mainz/RGZM) for assistance with the total station, as well as N. Schlösser and K. Weber (University of Mainz), along with several teams of dedicated student volunteers, who made the project possible. We thank the Editors and anonymous reviewers for their help in improving this chapter.

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  1. Department of Paleolithic Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology “Vasile Parvan”, 11 Henri Coanda Street, Sector 1, Bucharest, 010667, Romania

    Adrian Doboş

  2. MONREPOS Archaeological Research Centre and Museum for Human Behavioural Evolution, Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Archäologie, Schloss Monrepos, 56567, Neuwied, Germany

    Radu Iovita

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  1. Adrian Doboş
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Correspondence to Adrian Doboş .

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  1. Paleoanthropology, Department of Geosciences, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

    Katerina Harvati

  2. Department of Anthropology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

    Mirjana Roksandic

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Doboş, A., Iovita, R. (2016). The Lower Paleolithic of Romania Revisited: New Evidence from the Site of Dealul Guran. In: Harvati, K., Roksandic, M. (eds) Paleoanthropology of the Balkans and Anatolia. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0874-4_11

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