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Climate Change and Biotechnology: Toolkit for Food Fish Security

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Vulnerability of Agriculture, Water and Fisheries to Climate Change

Abstract

Climate change (CC) is a reality! It is a great threat to fisheries production especially in Africa that is characterized with normal climate variability phenomenon. Capture fisheries both in marine and freshwater are greatly impacted, resulting in real negative consequences on fish and fish products availability, and the livelihood of fisheries dependent individuals and communities. Some basic problems faced are genetic erosion especially on the endemic species that have adaptive features under negative effect of CC; decline in capture fisheries due to CC variability with other anthropogenic activities; and nutrition insecurity due to malnutrition or under-nutrition. The primary concern is how to mitigate the effects of CC on the decline of capture fisheries through sustainable fisheries and aquaculture production; genetic erosion through breed conservation; provision of sustainable food fish security to solve food fish demand that outstrips fish supply of ever-increasing human population. However, development of technology to improve fish health, to help restore and protect environments, to extend the range of aquatic species and to improve management and conservation of wild stock will be of great benefit to achieve fish and fish products security. Technology strategies such as animal genetic conservation, selective breeding, hybridization, tissue culture and genetic manipulation have been recently employed in developed economies as panacea to myriads of agri-food insecurity. This paper presents biotechnology approaches as toolkit to alleviate the menace of CC and increase fish and fish products for sustainable production, malnutrition solution and enhance the livelihood of fisheries dependent individuals or communities.

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  1. Biotechnology and Wet Laboratories, Department of Animal Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 220005, Nigeria

    Wasiu Adekunle Olaniyi

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  1. Public Law Department Faculty of Law, Economics, and Social Sciences, Ibn Zohr University of Agadir North-South Center for Social Sciences (NRCS), Agadir, Morocco

    Mohamed Behnassi

  2. Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya

    Margaret Syomiti Muteng'e

  3. Department of Science and Technology, Vigyan Prasar Government of India, NOIDA, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Gopichandran Ramachandran

  4. National Council for Climate Change Sustainable Development and Public Leadership (NCCSD), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

    Kirit N. Shelat

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Olaniyi, W.A. (2014). Climate Change and Biotechnology: Toolkit for Food Fish Security. In: Behnassi, M., Syomiti Muteng'e, M., Ramachandran, G., Shelat, K. (eds) Vulnerability of Agriculture, Water and Fisheries to Climate Change. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8962-2_15

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