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The New Antigenic Ecospace of the Globalized World and its Impact on the Immune System: The Battleground of Trade-off and Antagonistic Pleiotropy

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Eco-immunology

Abstract

Like almost all vertebrates, humans have developed a complex immune system, which evolved in an environment that prompted the development of sophisticated strategies of antigen recognition due to the necessity to discriminate relatively few pathogens among huge amounts of commensal microorganisms, and tolerate “self” antigens as well as food antigens. The universe of antigens that driven this evolution could be suggestively called “antigenic ecospace”. In this chapter, we will discuss how rapid changes in this ecospace due to its “globalization” as a consequence of new population and economic worldwide dynamics can impact on immune functions and eventually on health status of the individuals.

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Acknowledgements

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2011) under grant agreement n. 259679 (IDEAL) and KBBE 2010–2014 n. 266486 (NU-AGE) to CF.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 12, Bologna, Italy

    Miriam Capri, Stefano Salvioli & Claudio Franceschi

  2. Interdepartmental Centre “Galvani”,University of Bologna, Piazza di Porta S. Donato 1, Bologna, Italy

    Miriam Capri, Stefano Salvioli, Laura Bucci, Paolo Garagnani & Claudio Franceschi

  3. Department of Clinical Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, Florence, Italy

    Daniela Monti

  4. Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/D, Modena, Italy

    Enzo Ottaviani

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  1. Miriam Capri
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Correspondence to Claudio Franceschi .

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  1. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy

    Davide Malagoli

  2. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy

    Enzo Ottaviani

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Capri, M. et al. (2014). The New Antigenic Ecospace of the Globalized World and its Impact on the Immune System: The Battleground of Trade-off and Antagonistic Pleiotropy. In: Malagoli, D., Ottaviani, E. (eds) Eco-immunology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8712-3_7

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