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Stem Cell and Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

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Stem Cells: Basics and Clinical Translation

Part of the book series: Translational Medicine Research ((TRAMERE,volume 1))

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Abstract

The application of stem cells has always attracted great interest in the field of peripheral nerve regeneration. In recent years, the rapid development of neural tissue engineering makes it possible to use stem cell transplantation to repair peripheral nerve injury. Seed/support cell or cellular source from stem cell has been known as one of the components for neural tissue engineering. The tissue-engineered nerve grafts (TENGs) support the regeneration of longer peripheral nerve gaps than scaffold alone. A number of TENGs have been used experimentally to bridge long peripheral nerve gaps in various animal models, where the desired outcome is peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery. Stem cells may improve the local microenvironment in nerve injury sites, providing necessary conditions for axonal regeneration. Nowadays, the types of stem cells and their application tend to diversify. Stem cells are more effective in providing necessary factors that promote peripheral nerve regeneration. So far, the application of stem cells for peripheral nerve regeneration is limited mainly because of the low survival rate of transplanted stem cells due to host immune rejection and changes in the local microenvironment. Here, we summarize the latest research progress and application strategies of stem cells in peripheral nerve regeneration. To push the translation of stem cell application for peripheral nerve regeneration into the clinic, we anticipate that a TENG with a close proximity to the regenerative microenvironment of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) will be developed.

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  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China

    Chengbin Xue, Sheng Yi & Xiaosong Gu

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  1. Chengbin Xue
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  2. Sheng Yi
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  1. Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineeri, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences School of Basic Medicine, Beijing, China

    Robert Chunhua Zhao

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Xue, C., Yi, S., Gu, X. (2015). Stem Cell and Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. In: Zhao, R. (eds) Stem Cells: Basics and Clinical Translation. Translational Medicine Research, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7273-0_10

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