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Functional Neuromonitoring in Acquired Head Injury

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Recent Progress in Brain and Cognitive Engineering

Part of the book series: Trends in Augmentation of Human Performance ((TAHP,volume 5))

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Abstract

Patients with acquired head injury require accurate and rapid diagnosis regarding their neurophysiological status. As a timely detection of the neuropathological changes in injured brain is important for patient management, a real-time neurological monitoring is common procedure performed in a neurointensive care unit. The neuromonitoring is conducted via acquisition and analysis of various physiological parameters, such as intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, intracranial compliance, cerebral autoregulatory capacity, cerebral oxygenation, etc. This article introduces major concepts and parameters in describing the neurological condition of head injured patients. Engineers and scientists who are interested in inter-disciplinary research with neuro-intensivists or neurosurgeons are the intended audience of this article.

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Abbreviations

ABP:

arterial blood pressure

AHI:

acquired head injury

AMP:

pulse amplitude of ICP

CA:

cerebral auto-regulation

CBF:

cerebral blood flow

Cox:

correlation coefficient between oxygen saturation and CPP

CPP:

cerebral perfusion pressure

CSF:

cerebrospinal fluid

CT:

computed tomography

CVR:

cerebrovascular resistance

HVx:

correlation between rTHb and mean arterial blood pressure

ICP:

intracranial pressure

LLA:

lower limits of auto-regulation

MRA:

magnetic resonance angiography

MRI:

magnetic resonance imaging

Mx:

index of auto-regulation changes in CPP and the velocity of CBF

NIRS:

near infrared spectroscopy

Optimal CPP:

optimal cerebral perfusion pressure

PET:

positron emission tomography

PRx:

pressure reactivity index

PVC:

pressure-volume curve

RAP:

pressure-volume compensatory index

rTHb:

relative total hemoglobin

TBI:

traumatic brain injury

TCD:

transcranial Doppler

ULA:

upper limits of auto-regulation

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Acknowledgement

The authors acknowledge the use of text from the prior dissertation “Clinical and engineering models of brain compliance and deformation associated with neurological disorders.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, South Korea

    Hakseung Kim, Young-Tak Kim & Dong-Joo Kim

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  1. Hakseung Kim
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Correspondence to Dong-Joo Kim .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)

    Seong-Whan Lee

  2. Department Human Perception, Cognition and Action, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany

    Heinrich H. Bülthoff

  3. Machine Learning Group, Berlin Institute of Technology, Berlin, Germany

    Klaus-Robert Müller

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Kim, H., Kim, YT., Kim, DJ. (2015). Functional Neuromonitoring in Acquired Head Injury. In: Lee, SW., Bülthoff, H., Müller, KR. (eds) Recent Progress in Brain and Cognitive Engineering. Trends in Augmentation of Human Performance, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7239-6_11

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