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Domestication and Responses to Stress

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Biology and Culture of Percid Fishes

Abstract

Domestication is a process by which animals become adapted to captive life conditions by way of natural and/or artificial selection. Genetic drift and inbreeding may also contribute to the evolution (deleterious or not) of numerous traits during domestication. In fish, domestication has been shown to influence growth, behavior (aggressiveness, dominance, alertness, feeding) and stress responsiveness. With respect to the later, it seems that stress-resistant animals may be selected during domestication as a result of an improved fitness. In percid species, some studies already investigated the effects of several husbandry stressors (chronic confinement, repeated water emersion, single and repeated hypoxia) on the physiological and immune responses along domestication process, by comparing Eurasian perch juveniles from distinct generation levels (Filial 1–5). Under chronic confinement, domestication resulted in a reduction in cellular (HSP70) and physiological (subsequent handling stress) stress response as well as the maintenance of immune status (no decrease in transferrin, complement C3 levels in Filial 4 fish). Domestication did not influence physiological and immune responses to repeated emersion stressor and repeated hypoxia. Eurasian perch has however been shown to be responsive to hypoxic conditions (hyperglycemia, spleen contractions, high transferrin level) and to potentially develop some acclimation mechanism to the repeated disturbance at the expense of some immune functions. All together, the studies demonstrated that domestication positively influenced fish tolerance to chronic confinement but not to hypoxia or water emersion and that this might be linked to the stressor severity. Moreover, F4/F5 fish groups displayed a better immune and physiological status than their F1 counterparts. A microsatellite analysis however revealed that these F4/F5 generations display a lower genetic diversity. Thus, loss of genetic diversity did not appear detrimental to the fish but will nevertheless limit the possibilities of genetic improvement in upcoming generations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), University of Namur, 61 rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium

    J. Douxfils, S. N. M. Mandiki, C. Mathieu & P. Kestemont

  2. Unité de Recherche Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, Université de Lorraine, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, B.P. 172, 54505, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France

    S. Milla

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  1. J. Douxfils
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  2. S. N. M. Mandiki
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  3. C. Mathieu
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  4. S. Milla
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  5. P. Kestemont
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Correspondence to J. Douxfils .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium

    Patrick Kestemont

  2. School of Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Konrad Dabrowski

  3. Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, Iowa, USA

    Robert C. Summerfelt

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Douxfils, J., Mandiki, S.N.M., Mathieu, C., Milla, S., Kestemont, P. (2015). Domestication and Responses to Stress. In: Kestemont, P., Dabrowski, K., Summerfelt, R. (eds) Biology and Culture of Percid Fishes. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7227-3_29

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