Skip to main content

Colloidal Aspects of Vinyl Chloride Polymerisation

  • Chapter
Science and Technology of Polymer Colloids

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSE,volume 67-68))

  • 181 Accesses

Abstract

Poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) is one of the highest tonnage polymers produced on a world-wide scale. From the beginning of production over 40 years ago, growth of PVC sales into a wide variety of applications has expanded rapidly, reaching an annual world consumption of 1.2 x 107 tes per annum in 1980 (1). PVC is prepared by four principal polymerisation processes: bulk or mass, suspension, microsuspension and emulsion. In addition PVC may also be prepared by solution or dispersion polymerisation, but these remain low tonnage specialised products.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Burgess R H. Suspension Polymerisation of VCM, in R H Burgess, ed, Manufacturing and Processing of PVC, (Applied Science Publisherg, 1982) 1–38.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Evans D E M E. The manufacture of PVC Paste and Emulsion Polymers, in R H Burgess, ed, Manufacturing and Processing of PVC, (Applied Science Publishers, 1982), 63–81.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Tester D A. The processing of plasticised PVC, in R H Burgess, ed Manufacturing and Processing of PVC, (Applied Science Publishers, 1982), 245–269.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Palmgren 0. Proceedings International Symposium on Macromolecules, IUPAC, Helsinki, (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Rangnes P and 0 Palmgren. J Polymer Sci., Part C 33, (1971), 181–192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Laaksonen J and P Stenius. Plastics and Rubber: Materials and Applications 5, (1980), 21–24.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Fitch R M and C H Tsai. J Polymer Sci., Part B, 8, (1970), 703–710.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Fitch R M and C H Tsai, Particle Formation in Polymer Colloids, III: Prediction of the Number of Particles by a Homogeneous Nucleation Theory in R M Fitch, ed, Polymer Colloids (New York, Plenum Press, 1971) 73–102.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ugelstad J., P C Mork, F K Hansen, K H Kaggerud and T Ellingsen, Pure Appl Chem., 53, (1981), 323–364.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Min K W and H I Gostin, Ind Eng Chem Prod Res Dev., 18 (4), (1979), 272–278.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Jones W D and Schaefer S W. US Patent 3317495 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Fischer N, J Boissel, T Kemp and H Eyer. British Patent 1435425 (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kemp T, British Patent 1503247 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ugelstad J, P C Mork, K H Kaggerud, T Ellingsen and A Berge. Advan Colloid Interface Sci., 13, (1980), 101–140.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Ugelstad J., M S El-Aasser and J W Vanderhoff, J Polymer Sci. Polymer Letters ed 11, (1973), 503–513.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Ugelstad J., F K Hansen and S Lange. Makromol Chem. 175, (1974) 507–521.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Azad A R M, J Ugelstad R M Fitch and F K Hansen. Emulsification and Emulsion Polymerisation of Styrene using Mixtures of Cationic Surfactant and Long Chain Fatty Alcohols or Alkanes as emulsifiers in I Piirma and J L Gardon eds, ACS Symposium Series. Emulsion Polymerisation 24, (1976), 1–23.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Kema Nord A B, German Patent 2629655 (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ugelstad J, K H Kaggerud, F K Hansen and A Berge Makromol. Chem. 180, (1979), 373–744.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Lovelock V G. Isolation Processes for PVC, in R H Burgess, ed, Manufacturing and Processing of PVC (Applied Science Publishers, (1982) 123–150.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Hassander H, H Nilsson, C Silvegren and B Tornell. Flocculation of PVC Latex Particles in the Presence of Vinyl Chloride, in R M Fitch, ed, Polymer Colloids II (Plenum Press, 1980) 511–526.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Palmgren 0, Mechanical Stability of Vinyl Chloride Homopolymer and Copolymer Latices in I Piirma and J L Gardon, eds, ACS Symposium Series, Emulsion Polymerisation 24, (1976), 258–275.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Ueda T, K Takeuchi and M Kato. J Polymer Sci., Polymer Chem Ed., 10, (1972), 2841–2852.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Sanderson A K. British Polymer J., 12, (1980), 186–191.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Yang H W H, C N Bush D J Poledna and R W Smith Abstracts 3rd Int Symposium on PVC, Cleveland, Ohio USA (1980) 135.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Mersmann A and H Grossmann, Chem-Ing-Tech 52, (1980), 621–628.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Dunn A S. Chem Ind, (1980), 801–806.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Boomgaard Th van den, T A King Th F Tadros, H Tang and B Vincent, J Colloid Interface Sci., 66, (1978), 68–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Lambe R, Th F Tadros and B Vincent, J Colloid Interface Sci., 66, (1978), 77–84.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Langveld J M G and J Lyklema, J Colloid Interface Sci., 41, (1972), 454–465., ibid, 41, (1972), 466–474., ibid, 41, (1972), 475–483.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Zichy E L, J G Morley and F Rodriguez. The Adsorption of Partially hydrolysed Polyvinyl Acetate at the Solution Air Interface, in Chemie, Physikalische Chemie und Anwendungstechnik der grenzflachenaktiven Stoffe (Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich, 1973) 241–256.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Zichy E L, J Macromol Sci - Chem., A11(7) (1977), 1205–1221.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Tregan R and A Bonnemayre, Plast Mod Elastomeres 23, (1971) 220–247.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Davidson J A and D E Witenhafer, J Polymer Sci. Ed., 18, (1980), 51–69.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Allsopp M W. Pure Appl Chem., 53 (1981), 449–4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Allsopp M W, J Macromol Sci., Chem, A11(7) 1234.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Geil P H, J Macromol, Sci - Phys, B14(1) (1977), 171.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Boissel J and N Fischer, J Macromol, Sci–Chem., A11(7) (1977), 1249–1269.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Rance D G and E L Zichy, Pure Appl Chem., 53, (1981), 377384.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Berens A L, Polymer 18, (1977), 697–704.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Speirs R M, Ph D Thesis, University of Edinburgh (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  42. Behrens H., G Griebel, L Meinel, H Reichenbach, G Schulze, W, Schenk and K Walter. Plaste Kautsch., 22, (1975), 414–417

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Barclay L M. Angew Makromol Chemie 52, (1976), 1–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Soni P L, E A Collins and P H Geil, Abstracts 3rd Int Symposium on PVC, Cleveland, Ohio USA (1980) 105.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Henman K M, D G Rance and F M Willmouth, Polymer, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Wilson J C and E L Zichy, Polymer, 20, (1979), 264–265.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Cooper W D, R M Speirs, J C Wilson and E L Zichy, Polymer 20, (1979), 265–266.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Rance D G and E L Zichy, Polymer 20, (1979), 266–268.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Fowkes F M, Org Coat Plast Chem., 42, (1980), 169–174.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1983 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Rance, D.G. (1983). Colloidal Aspects of Vinyl Chloride Polymerisation. In: Poehlein, G.W., Ottewill, R.H., Goodwin, J.W. (eds) Science and Technology of Polymer Colloids. NATO ASI Series, vol 67-68. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-4797-4_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-4797-4_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-247-2832-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-4797-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics