Abstract
Aluminium induces morphological changes of spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedling roots. Changes in root length are recorded as parameters sensitive to aluminium stress.
The possibility of Al-induced increase of cytokinin-like substances and enhanced ethylene evolution has been established as being dependent on the concentration and period of Al exposure in our previous studies. In the present study, 0.74 and 1.85 mM Al in nutrient solution increased levels of cytokinin- and gibberellin-like substances after 4 months of stress. Predominantly, the increase of the indole-acetic acid content was highly significant (Experiment 1). Higher external Al concentrations, than the above mentioned, or longer periods of exposure, were responsible for inhibition of all phytohormones (Experiment 2). In the Experiment 3, 5 h exposure to 5.56 mM Al decreased the level of cytokinin-like substances, 40 h exposure to Al evoked their increase. The levels of gibberellin-like substances were stimulated during both intervals. The increase in indole-acetic acid content was significant after 5 and 40 h. Changes in phytohormonal levels induced by Al are undoubtedly a reason for the typical morphological changes in spruce roots under aluminium stress.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Abbreviations
- IAA:
-
indole-acetic acid
- GA3 :
-
gibberellic acid
- BAP:
-
benzylaminopurine
References
Andersson M 1988 Toxicity and tolerance of aluminium in vascular plants. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 39, 439–462.
Burström H G and Svensson S B 1972 Hormonal regulation of root growth and development. In Hormonal Regulation in Plant Growth and Development. Eds. H Kaldewey and Y Vardar. pp 125–136. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, Germany
Crossett R N and Campbell J D 1971 The effect of ethylene on the development of the barley system. Annual Report, Letcombe Lab. Arc, UK. 173 p.
Cíikovâ R 1989 Changes in root system morphology of spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) owing to aluminium. In Proc. Vth Days of Plant Physiology. pp 195. Ed. J E Purkyné. Univ. Fac. Nat. Sci. Brno, The Czech Republic. (In Czech).
Cíikovâ R 1990 Acidification stress of root environment as related to endogenous cytokinins and gibberellins in oak seedlings. Biol Plant. 32, 97–103.
Cfikovâ R 1992 Effect of Aluminium on Growth and Phytohormones in Norway Spruce Seedlings. Acta Sci. Nat. Brno 26, The Czech y, Rebublic. 51 p.
ëIkovâ R and Reinöhl V 1992 Effect of aluminium in root environment on ethylene production spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings. Biol. Plant. (Suppl.) 34, 514.
Frankland B and Wareing PF 1961 Effect of gibberellic acid on hypocotyl growth of lettuce seedlings. Nature 185, 255–256. Fryer H C 1957 Elements of Statistics. New York, USA. 127 p.
Godbold D L, Fritz E and Hüttermann A 1988 Aluminium toxicity and forest decline. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 3888–3892. Godbold D L and Kettner C 1991 Use of root elongation studies to determine aluminium and lead toxicity in Picea abies seedlings. J. Plant Physiol. 138, 231–235.
Hutchinson T C, Bozic L and Munoz-Vega G 1986 Responses of five species of conifer seedlings to aluminum stress. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 31, 283–294.
Knegt E and Bruisma J 1973 A rapid sensitive and accurate determination of indolyl-3-acetic acid. Phytochemistry 12, 753–756.
Mousdale DMA, Butcher D N and Powell R G 1978 Spectrophotofluorimetric methods of determining indole-3-acetic acid. In Isolation of Plant Growth Substances. Ed. J R Hillman. pp 27–39. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Raynal D J, Joslin J D, Thornton F C, Schaedle M and Henderson G S 1990 Sensitivity of tree seedlings to aluminum: III. Red spruce and loblolly pine. J. Environ. Qual. 19, 180–187.
Rodrigues P A S and Houwen P S W 1972 Cytokinins and bacterial symbiosis Ardisia species. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 68, 170–171. Roy A K, Sharma A and Talukder G 1988 Some aspects of aluminium toxicity in plants. Bot. Rev. 54, 145–178.
Schaedle M, Thornton F C, Raynal D J and Tepper H B 1989 Response of tree seedlings to aluminium. Tree Physiol. 5, 337356.
Schier G A 1985 Response of red spruce and balsam fir seedlings to aluminum toxicity in nutrient solution. Can. J. For. Res. 15, 29–33.
Sembdner G, Gross R and Schreiber K 1962 Die Dünnschicht-chromatographie von Gibberellinen. Experimentia 18, 584–585. Sebânek J 1983 Plant Physiology. SZN Praha, The Czech Republic. 558 p. (In Czech)
Tepper H B, Yang C S and Schaedle M 1989 Effect of aluminium on growth of root tips of honey locust and loblolly pine. Environ. Exp. Bot. 29, 165–173.
Thornton F C, Schaedle M and Raynal D J 1987 Effects of aluminium on red spruce seedlings in solution culture. Environ. Exp. Bot. 27, 489–498.
Ulrich B 1989 Effects of acid deposition on forest ecosystems in Europe. In Acid Precipitation. Adv. Environ. Sci. Eds. D C Adriano and A H Johnson. pp 189–272. Springer Verlag, New York, USA.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Čížková, R. (1995). Phytohormonal levels in spruce roots under aluminium stress. In: Baluška, F., Čiamporová, M., Gašparíková, O., Barlow, P.W. (eds) Structure and Function of Roots. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 58. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3101-0_44
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3101-0_44
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-4402-0
Online ISBN: 978-94-017-3101-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive