Abstract
Critical analyses of military research and development (R&D) programs usually focus either on the efficiency of the programs in meeting military requirements without cost overruns or unnecessary technological embellishment or, more broadly, on the role that new technology plays in nourishing vested interests and perpetuating the arms race. Another set of issues concerns the effect of military R&D on the civilian economy, taking into account both negative effects from the allocation of scientific and technological resources to the military sector and positive effects from the spin-off of new technology from the military to the civilian sector.
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Notes
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, World Armaments and Dis-armaments: SIPRI Yearbook 1986 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986 ), p. 301.
See Judith Reppy, “The IR&D Program of the Department of Defense,” Peace Studies Program Occasional Paper No. 6 (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Peace Studies Program, 1976 ). See also Joan Winston, “Defense-Related Independent Research and Development in Industry,” Congressional Research Service, Washington, D.C., 1985.
U.S. Department of Defense, Defense Contract Agency, “Summary: Independent Research and Development and Bid and Proposal Cost,” Washington, D.C., March 1987.
The DSARC process is described in F. A. Long and Judith Reppy, “The Decision Process for U.S. Military R&D,” in Kosta Tsipis and Penny Janeway, (eds.), Review of U.S. Military Research and Development 1984 (New York: PergamonBrassey’s, 1984), pp. 4–19. Subsequent changes in the composition of the review board have not altered its basic features.
Hermann O. Pfrengle, “A Comparative Analysis of the Material Acquisition Processes of the German Armed Forces and U.S. Army” (mimeo ), Washington, D.C., 1978.
Milton Leitenberg, “Background Information on Tactical Nuclear Weapons,” in Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Tactical Nuclear Weapons: European Perspectives (London: Taylor & Francis, Ltd., 1978 ), p. 55.
Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, Defense Budget Project, “Editorial Advisory: Classified Shares of Key Defense Budget Categories Increasing” (mimeo), Washington, D.C., January 14, 1987.
Black Budget,“ Aviation Week and Space Technology,January 12, 1987, p. 17.
David C. Morrison, “Pentagon’s Top Secret ‘Black’ Budget has Skyrocketed during Reagan Years,” National Journal, March 1, 1986, pp. 492–498.
Samuel L. Hall, “Weapons Choices and Advanced Technology: The RPV,” Peace Studies Program Occasional Paper No. 10 ( Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Peace Studies Program, 1978 ), pp. 26–27.
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© 1988 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
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Reppy, J. (1988). The Government of Military R&D: A Comparative Perspective. In: Mendelsohn, E., Smith, M.R., Weingart, P. (eds) Science, Technology and the Military. Sociology of the Sciences, vol 12/1/2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2958-1_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2958-1_9
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