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Molecular genetics of gametophytic self-incompatibility in Petunia hybrida

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Genetic control of self-incompatibility and reproductive development in flowering plants

Part of the book series: Advances in Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants ((CMBP,volume 2))

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Abstract

The most famous, if not necessarily the first, description of gametophytic self-incompatibility in Petunia was given by Charles Darwin (1876), who noted:

... for protected flowers, with their own pollen placed on the stigma, never yielded nearly a full complement of seed; whilst those left uncovered produced fine capsules, showing that pollen from other plants must have been brought to them, probably by moths. Plants growing vigorously and flowering in pots in the greenhouse, never yielded a single capsule...

Since that time, Petunia,especially Petunia hybrida, has been a system of choice not only for many studies on gametophytic self-incompatibility, but also for research in different areas of plant molecular genetics (Linskens 1975; de Nettancourt 1977; Hanson and Kool 1984). There are several reasons for the popularity of this organism for experimental studies. The plant is grown easily under a variety of greenhouse conditions and clonal stocks are easily propagated by vegetative cuttings. Flowering in Petunia is indeterminate, non-obligate (quantitative, LDP) for photoperiod (Armitage 1985), and the plants flower profusely. The large size of flowers and floral organs makes collection of material for biochemical studies relatively painless. Petunia hybrida varieties are readily transformed using vectors from Agrobacterium tumefaciens,and transformed cells easily regenerated to give fertile plants (Horsch et al. 1988). Because of the long history of Petunia as a garden bedding plant, a wide variety of genetic material is available. This includes the di-haploid Petunia hybrida cv. Mitchell, used for a majority of molecular genetic studies, commercial hybrid lines, and inbred lines. In addition to Petunia hybrida, non-commercial Petunia species have been used for studies of gametophytic self-incompatibility as well as for investigations of Petunia taxonomy (Ascher 1984; Sink 1984; Ai et al. 1990). Several of the Petunia species having 2n = 14 chromosomes, can form sexual or somatic hybrids with each other (Hanson and Kool 1984). Besides P. hybrida,these include: P. inflata, P. axillaris, P. violacea,P. parodii, and P. parvora.

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  1. Plant Molecular Biology Center, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115-2861, USA

    Thomas L. Sims

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  1. Division of Horticulture, CSIRO, G.P.O. Box 350, 5001, Adelaide, SA, Australia

    Elizabeth G. Williams

  2. School of Botany, University of Melbourne, 3052, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

    Adrienne E. Clarke  & R. Bruce Knox  & 

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Sims, T.L. (1994). Molecular genetics of gametophytic self-incompatibility in Petunia hybrida . In: Williams, E.G., Clarke, A.E., Knox, R.B. (eds) Genetic control of self-incompatibility and reproductive development in flowering plants. Advances in Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1669-7_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1669-7_2

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